Vitamin D-independent benefits of safe sunlight exposure
Erem et al.,
Vitamin D-independent benefits of safe sunlight exposure,
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105957 (Review)
Review of the benefits of sunlight exposure independent of vitamin D.
Erem et al., 31 Oct 2021, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
Abstract: See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353502956
Vitamin D-independent benefits of safe sunlight exposure
Article in The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · July 2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105957
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2 authors:
Anna Sarah Erem
Mohammed S. Razzaque
Emory University
Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine
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PR
O
Benefits of safe sunlight exposure: Vitamin D and beyond
OF
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Sarah Erem a, Mohammed S. Razzaque b, ⁎
a Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
b Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, USA
ABSTRACT
Keywords:
Sunlight exposure
Ultraviolet radiation
Vitamin D
Multiple sclerosis
Diabetes
Cancer
COVID-19
This review examines the beneficial effects of ultraviolet radiation on systemic autoimmune diseases, including
multiple sclerosis and type I diabetes, where the epidemiological evidence for the vitamin D-independent effects
of sunlight is most apparent. Ultraviolet radiation, in addition to its role in the synthesis of vitamin D, stimulates
anti-inflammatory pathways, alters the composition of dendritic cells, T cells, and T regulatory cells, and induces
nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase metabolic pathways, which may directly or indirectly mitigate disease
progression and susceptibility. Recent work has also explored how the immune-modulating functions of ultraviolet radiation affect type II diabetes, cancer, and the current global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. These diseases are particularly important amidst global changes in lifestyle that result in unhealthy eating, increased
sedentary habits, and alcohol and tobacco consumption. Compelling epidemiological data shows increased ultraviolet radiation associated with reduced rates of certain cancers, such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, nonHodgkins lymphoma, and ultraviolet radiation exposure correlated with susceptibility and mortality rates of
COVID-19. Thus, understanding the effects of ultraviolet radiation on both vitamin D-dependent and independent pathway is necessary to understand how they influence the course of many human diseases.
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