Supplementary Data — Camostat for COVID-19: real-time meta-analysis of 16 studies

October 2026

Camostat COVID-19 outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk
Sagent P.. (DB RCT)−152%2.52 · 0.10–61.33death1/1940/101CAMELOT Sagent P.. (DB RCT)13%0.87 · 0.32–2.32progression10/1946/101CAMELOT Sagent P.. (DB RCT)16%0.84 · 0.60–1.18viral+58/19436/101CAMELOT Parsonnet (DB RCT)−392%4.92 · 0.25–97.48progression2/250/24COPS-2003 Parsonnet (DB RCT)35%0.65 · 0.32–1.33no recov.25 (n)24 (n)COPS-2003 Parsonnet (DB RCT)86%0.14 · 0.01–2.58misc.0/253/24COPS-2003 Parsonnet (DB RCT)41%0.59 · 0.24–1.43viral+25 (n)24 (n)COPS-2003 Chupp (DB RCT)0%1.00 · 0.07–15.36hosp.1/351/35 Chupp (DB RCT)37%0.63 · 0.36–1.09no recov.12/3519/35 Dhaliwal (RCT)14%0.86 · 0.17–4.45hosp.2/143/18SPIKE-1 Kinoshita (DB RCT)67%0.33 · 0.01–8.05progression0/741/74CANDLE Kinoshita (DB RCT)50%0.50 · 0.16–1.59oxygen4/748/74CANDLE Kinoshita (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.72–1.42no recov.30/5329/52CANDLE Kinoshita (DB RCT)−1%1.01 · 0.71–1.67viral+78 (n)77 (n)CANDLE Tobback (RCT)−36%1.36 · 0.15–12.58hosp.3/661/30 Tobback (RCT)8%0.92 · 0.46–1.87no recov.61 (n)29 (n) Kim (DB RCT)8%0.92 · 0.70–1.19no recov.161 (n)162 (n) Kim (DB RCT)25%0.75 · 0.43–1.30no recov.109 (n)104 (n) Kim (DB RCT)46%0.54 · 0.28–1.03no recov.77 (n)78 (n) Kim (DB RCT)40%0.60 · 0.26–1.33no recov.109 (n)104 (n) Kim (DB RCT)58%0.42 · 0.17–1.03no recov.77 (n)78 (n) Tare (DB RCT)33%0.67 · 0.22–2.09no recov.4/195/16DAWN Tare (DB RCT)23%0.77 · 0.48–1.24no recov.11/1912/16DAWN Hofmann-Wi.. (ICU)58%0.42 · 0.05–3.36death1/62/5ICU patients OT1 Sakr (PSM)69%0.31 · 0.15–0.60death6/6118/61 Sakr (PSM)10%0.90 · 0.39–2.06ventilation9/6110/61 Sakr (PSM)−17%1.17 · 0.85–1.61hosp. time61 (n)61 (n) Gunst (DB RCT)18%0.82 · 0.24–2.79death8/1374/68CamoCO-19 Gunst (DB RCT)31%0.69 · 0.14–3.44ventilation13/1373/68CamoCO-19 Gunst (DB RCT)20%0.80 · 0.34–1.91ICU14/1378/68CamoCO-19 Gunst (DB RCT)15%0.85 · 0.62–1.15no recov.137 (n)68 (n)CamoCO-19 Terada (RCT)54%0.46 · 0.04–4.92death1/612/56CT2 Terada (RCT)8%0.92 · 0.37–2.28progression8/618/56CT2 Terada (RCT)40%0.60 · 0.37–0.97no disch.61 (n)56 (n)CT2 Karolyi (RCT)72%0.28 · 0.06–1.33death2/1017/100ACOVACTOT1 Karolyi (RCT)70%0.30 · 0.10–0.90ventilation4/10113/100ACOVACTOT1 Karolyi (RCT)60%0.40 · 0.16–0.98death/int.6/10115/100ACOVACTOT1 Karolyi (RCT)18%0.82 · 0.71–0.94recov. time101 (n)100 (n)ACOVACTOT1 Karolyi (RCT)8%0.92 · 0.86–0.99recov. time101 (n)100 (n)ACOVACTOT1 Karolyi (RCT)14%0.86 · 0.75–0.98hosp. time101 (n)100 (n)ACOVACTOT1 Jilg (RCT)1%0.99 · 0.06–15.63death1/1061/105ACTIV-2 Jilg (RCT)−198%2.98 · 0.12–72.39death1/1090/107ACTIV-2 Jilg (RCT)−18%1.18 · 0.37–3.74hosp.6/1095/107ACTIV-2 Jilg (RCT)10%0.90 · 0.79–1.02progression85/10993/107ACTIV-2 Jilg (RCT)13%0.87 · 0.46–1.64no recov.15/10917/107ACTIV-2 Jilg (RCT)14%0.86 · 0.56–1.30no recov.109 (n)107 (n)ACTIV-2 Jilg (RCT)14%0.86 · 0.21–3.47no recov.109 (n)107 (n)ACTIV-2 Jilg (RCT)8%0.92 · 0.54–1.56no recov.109 (n)107 (n)ACTIV-2 Bryce (DB RCT)25%0.75 · 0.18–3.18death3/504/50RECOVER Huh−14%1.14 · 0.31–4.18casescase-control study
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1 OT: comparison with other treatment
2 CT: study uses combined treatment
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← Camostat
reduces risk
Camostat
increases risk →
Fig. S1. All outcomes.
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Fig. S2. Comparison of results for RCTs versus observational studies. For COVID-19 treatments, there is no significant difference between the results of RCTs and observational studies. Observational studies do not systematically over or underestimate efficacy. For high-cost treatments, there is a non-significant trend towards RCTs showing greater efficacy.