Management of immunosuppression in lung transplant recipients and COVID-19 outcomes: an observational retrospective cohort-study

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-05-28T17:40:18Z', 'timestamp': 1716918018350}, 'reference-count': 41, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-05-28T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1716854400000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-05-28T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1716854400000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the impact of immunosuppression ' 'management on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>We performed a single-center retrospective study in a cohort of 358 ' 'lung transplant recipients (LTx) over the period from March 2020 to April 2022. All included ' 'symptomatic patients had at least one positive SARS-CoV-2 rt-PCR. We used a composite primary ' 'outcome for COVID-19 including increased need for oxygen since the hospital admission, ICU ' 'transfer, and in-hospital mortality. We assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses the ' 'risk factors for poor outcomes.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Overall, we included 91 LTx who contracted COVID-19. The COVID-19 ' 'in-hospital mortality rate reached 4.4%. By hierarchical clustering, we found a strong and ' 'independent association between the composite poor outcome and the discontinuation of at ' 'least one immunosuppressive molecule among tacrolimus, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, ' 'and everolimus. Obesity (OR\u2009=\u200916, 95%CI (1.96; 167), ' '<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) and chronic renal failure (OR\u2009=\u20094.6, ' '95%CI (1.4; 18), <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) were also independently ' 'associated with the composite poor outcome. Conversely, full vaccination was protective ' '(OR\u2009=\u20090.23, 95%CI (0.046; 0.89), <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009' '0.047).</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>The administration of immunosuppressive drugs such as tacrolimus, ' 'cyclocporine or everolimus can have a protective effect in LTx with COVID-19, probably ' 'related to their intrinsic antiviral capacity.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1186/s12879-024-09269-1', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-05-28T15:08:55Z', 'timestamp': 1716908935000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Management of immunosuppression in lung transplant recipients and COVID-19 outcomes: an ' 'observational retrospective cohort-study', 'prefix': '10.1186', 'volume': '24', 'author': [ {'given': 'Hugo', 'family': 'Bes-Berlandier', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Benjamin', 'family': 'Coiffard', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Julien', 'family': 'Bermudez', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Nadine', 'family': 'Demazes-dufeu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Bérengère', 'family': 'Coltey', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Céline', 'family': 'Boschi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Philippe', 'family': 'Colson', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Sami', 'family': 'Hraiech', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Martine', 'family': 'Reynaud-Gaubert', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Nadim', 'family': 'Cassir', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '9269_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e0258154', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0258154', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'E Ge', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ge E, Li Y, Wu S, Candido E, Wei X. Association of pre-existing ' 'comorbidities with mortality and disease severity among 167,500 ' 'individuals with COVID-19 in Canada: a population-based cohort study. ' 'PLoS ONE. 2021;16:e0258154.', 'journal-title': 'PLoS ONE'}, { 'key': '9269_CR2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2509', 'DOI': '10.1111/ajt.16428', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'S Trapani', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Trapani S, Masiero L, Puoti F, et al. Incidence and outcome of ' 'SARS-CoV-2 infection on solid organ transplantation recipients: a ' 'nationwide population-based study. Am J Transpl. 2021;21:2509–21.', 'journal-title': 'Am J Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1057', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cmi.2022.02.039', 'volume': '28', 'author': 'M Gatti', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Gatti M, Rinaldi M, Bussini L, et al. Clinical outcome in solid organ ' 'transplant recipients affected by COVID-19 compared to general ' 'population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol ' 'Infect. 2022;28:1057–65.', 'journal-title': 'Clin Microbiol Infect'}, { 'key': '9269_CR4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e13967', 'DOI': '10.1111/tid.13967', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'AJ Trindade', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Trindade AJ, Chapin KC, Gannon WD, et al. Clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 ' 'infection and recovery in lung transplant recipients. Transpl Infect ' 'Dis. 2022;24:e13967.', 'journal-title': 'Transpl Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '9269_CR5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '3072', 'DOI': '10.1111/ajt.16241', 'volume': '20', 'author': 'M Aversa', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Aversa M, Benvenuto L, Anderson M, et al. COVID-19 in lung transplant ' 'recipients: a single center case series from New York City. Am J ' 'Transpl. 2020;20:3072–80.', 'journal-title': 'Am J Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1237', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.healun.2022.06.011', 'volume': '41', 'author': 'E Roosma', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Roosma E, van Gemert JP, de Zwart AES, et al. The effect of COVID-19 on ' 'transplant function and development of CLAD in lung transplant patients: ' 'a multicenter experience. J Heart Lung Transpl. 2022;41:1237–47.', 'journal-title': 'J Heart Lung Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e13511', 'DOI': '10.1111/ctr.13511', 'volume': '33', 'author': 'O Manuel', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Manuel O, Estabrook M, American Society of Transplantation Infectious ' 'Diseases Community of Practice. RNA respiratory viral infections in ' 'solid organ transplant recipients: guidelines from the American Society ' 'of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Clin ' 'Transpl. 2019;33:e13511.', 'journal-title': 'Clin Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e13556', 'DOI': '10.1111/tid.13556', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'M Ringer', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ringer M, Azmy V, Kaman K, et al. A retrospective matched cohort ' 'single-center study evaluating outcomes of COVID-19 and the impact of ' 'immunomodulation on COVID-19-related cytokine release syndrome in solid ' 'organ transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2021;23:e13556.', 'journal-title': 'Transpl Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '9269_CR9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2498', 'DOI': '10.1111/ajt.16431', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'RK Avery', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Avery RK, Chiang TP-Y, Marr KA, et al. Inpatient COVID-19 outcomes in ' 'solid organ transplant recipients compared to non-solid organ transplant ' 'patients: a retrospective cohort. Am J Transpl. 2021;21:2498–508.', 'journal-title': 'Am J Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '856', 'DOI': '10.3389/fphar.2020.00856', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'G Terrazzano', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Terrazzano G, Rubino V, Palatucci AT, Giovazzino A, Carriero F, Ruggiero ' 'G. An Open question: is it rational to inhibit the mtor-dependent ' 'pathway as COVID-19 therapy? Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:856.', 'journal-title': 'Front Pharmacol'}, { 'key': '9269_CR11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '104878', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104878', 'volume': '181', 'author': 'A Pizzorno', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Pizzorno A, Padey B, Dubois J, et al. In vitro evaluation of antiviral ' 'activity of single and combined repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2. ' 'Antiviral Res. 2020;181:104878.', 'journal-title': 'Antiviral Res'}, { 'key': '9269_CR12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e14027', 'DOI': '10.1111/ctr.14027', 'volume': '34', 'author': 'F Bösch', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Bösch F, Börner N, Kemmner S, et al. Attenuated early inflammatory ' 'response in solid organ recipients with COVID-19. Clin Transpl. ' '2020;34:e14027.', 'journal-title': 'Clin Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR13', 'unstructured': 'Clinical Spectrum. ' 'https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/overview/clinical-spectrum/. ' 'Accessed 18 August 2023.'}, { 'key': '9269_CR14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '493', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.healun.2019.03.009', 'volume': '38', 'author': 'GM Verleden', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Verleden GM, Glanville AR, Lease ED, et al. Chronic lung allograft ' 'dysfunction: definition, diagnostic criteria, and approaches to ' 'treatment-A consensus report from the Pulmonary Council of the ISHLT. J ' 'Heart Lung Transpl. 2019;38:493–503.', 'journal-title': 'J Heart Lung Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '786233', 'DOI': '10.3389/fmicb.2021.786233', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'P Colson', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Colson P, Fournier P-E, Chaudet H, et al. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 ' 'variants from 24,181 patients exemplifies the role of globalization and ' 'zoonosis in Pandemics. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:786233.', 'journal-title': 'Front Microbiol'}, { 'key': '9269_CR16', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e29033', 'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.29033', 'volume': '95', 'author': 'NN Nguyen', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Nguyen NN, Houhamdi L, Meddeb L, Colson P, Gautret P. Reinfection with ' 'SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 variants. J Med Virol. 2023;95:e29033.', 'journal-title': 'J Med Virol'}, { 'key': '9269_CR17', 'unstructured': 'Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N et al. Safety and Efficacy of the ' 'BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med 2020;:NEJMoa2034577.'}, { 'key': '9269_CR18', 'unstructured': 'Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)| CDC. ' 'https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/index.html. Accessed 18 August ' '2023.'}, { 'key': '9269_CR19', 'unstructured': 'R: The R Project for Statistical Computing. https://www.r-project.org/. ' 'Accessed 23 September 2023.'}, { 'key': '9269_CR20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Husson F, Josse J, Lê S. FactoMineR: an R Package for Multivariate ' 'Analysis. J Stat Softw 2008; 25.', 'DOI': '10.18637/jss.v025.i01'}, { 'key': '9269_CR21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1586', 'DOI': '10.1111/ajt.16368', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'B Coiffard', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Coiffard B, Lepper PM, Prud’Homme E, et al. Management of lung ' 'transplantation in the COVID-19 era-An international survey. Am J ' 'Transpl. 2021;21:1586–96.', 'journal-title': 'Am J Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR22', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2774', 'DOI': '10.1111/ajt.16692', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'MR Heldman', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Heldman MR, Kates OS, Safa K, et al. COVID-19 in hospitalized lung and ' 'non-lung solid organ transplant recipients: a comparative analysis from ' 'a multicenter study. Am J Transpl. 2021;21:2774–84.', 'journal-title': 'Am J Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Pinchera B, Spirito L, Buonomo AR et al. mTOR Inhibitor Use Is ' 'Associated With a Favorable Outcome of COVID-19 in Patients of Kidney ' 'Transplant: Results of a Retrospective Study. Frontiers in Medicine. ' '2022; 9. ' 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.852973. ' 'Accessed 14 July 2022.', 'DOI': '10.3389/fmed.2022.852973'}, { 'key': '9269_CR24', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1151', 'DOI': '10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.045', 'volume': '160', 'author': 'LS Belli', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Belli LS, Fondevila C, Cortesi PA, et al. Protective role of Tacrolimus, ' 'Deleterious Role of Age and comorbidities in Liver Transplant recipients ' 'with Covid-19: results from the ELITA/ELTR multi-center European study. ' 'Gastroenterology. 2021;160:1151–e11633.', 'journal-title': 'Gastroenterology'}, { 'key': '9269_CR25', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Desmazes-Dufeu N, Coltey B, Amari L et al. Discordant courses of ' 'COVID-19 in a cohabiting couple of lung transplant recipients. Transpl ' 'Infect Dis 2020;:e13410.', 'DOI': '10.1111/tid.13410'}, { 'key': '9269_CR26', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '108940', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108940', 'volume': '35', 'author': 'G Garcia', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Garcia G, Sharma A, Ramaiah A, et al. Antiviral drug screen identifies ' 'DNA-damage response inhibitor as potent blocker of SARS-CoV-2 ' 'replication. Cell Rep. 2021;35:108940.', 'journal-title': 'Cell Rep'}, { 'key': '9269_CR27', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '230', 'DOI': '10.1111/cei.12669', 'volume': '182', 'author': 'M Sabbatini', 'year': '2015', 'unstructured': 'Sabbatini M, Ruggiero G, Palatucci AT, et al. Oscillatory mTOR ' 'inhibition and Treg increase in kidney transplantation. Clin Exp ' 'Immunol. 2015;182:230–40.', 'journal-title': 'Clin Exp Immunol'}, { 'key': '9269_CR28', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1145', 'DOI': '10.1681/ASN.2020030348', 'volume': '31', 'author': 'M Willicombe', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Willicombe M, Thomas D, McAdoo S. COVID-19 and calcineurin inhibitors: ' 'should they get left out in the storm? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020;31:1145–6.', 'journal-title': 'J Am Soc Nephrol'}, { 'key': '9269_CR29', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '44', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.virusres.2014.02.010', 'volume': '184', 'author': 'J Carbajo-Lozoya', 'year': '2014', 'unstructured': 'Carbajo-Lozoya J, Ma-Lauer Y, Malešević M, et al. Human coronavirus NL63 ' 'replication is cyclophilin A-dependent and inhibited by ' 'non-immunosuppressive cyclosporine A-derivatives including Alisporivir. ' 'Virus Res. 2014;184:44–53.', 'journal-title': 'Virus Res'}, { 'key': '9269_CR30', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '10369', 'DOI': '10.3389/ti.2022.10369', 'volume': '35', 'author': 'NS Ogando', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Ogando NS, Metscher E, Moes DJAR, et al. The cyclophilin-dependent ' 'calcineurin inhibitor voclosporin inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in ' 'Cell Culture. Transpl Int. 2022;35:10369.', 'journal-title': 'Transpl Int'}, { 'key': '9269_CR31', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '472', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.022', 'volume': '163', 'author': 'AM Liddicoat', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Liddicoat AM, Lavelle EC. Modulation of innate immunity by cyclosporine ' 'A. Biochem Pharmacol. 2019;163:472–80.', 'journal-title': 'Biochem Pharmacol'}, { 'key': '9269_CR32', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e13595', 'DOI': '10.1111/tid.13595', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'A Karruli', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Karruli A, Spiezia S, Boccia F, et al. Effect of immunosuppression ' 'maintenance in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19: ' 'systematic review and meta-analysis. Transpl Infect Dis. 2021;23:e13595.', 'journal-title': 'Transpl Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '9269_CR33', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '414', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jinf.2020.10.024', 'volume': '82', 'author': 'M Merli', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Merli M, Pasulo L, Perricone G, et al. Impact of immunosuppressive ' 'therapy on the severity of COVID-19 in solid organ transplant ' 'recipients. J Infect. 2021;82:414–51.', 'journal-title': 'J Infect'}, { 'key': '9269_CR34', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '610', 'DOI': '10.1111/ajt.16807', 'volume': '22', 'author': 'LG Modelli de Andrade', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Modelli de Andrade LG, de Sandes-Freitas TV, Requião-Moura LR, et al. ' 'Development and validation of a simple web-based tool for early ' 'prediction of COVID-19-associated death in kidney transplant recipients. ' 'Am J Transpl. 2022;22:610–25.', 'journal-title': 'Am J Transpl'}, { 'key': '9269_CR35', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e1128', 'DOI': '10.1002/iid3.1128', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'UW Choi', 'year': '2024', 'unstructured': 'Choi UW, Ai X, Li H, Hao Y, Yao X, Guan Y. Immunosuppressive therapy and ' 'COVID-19 infection in patients with NMOSD. Immun Inflamm Dis. ' '2024;12:e1128.', 'journal-title': 'Immun Inflamm Dis'}, { 'key': '9269_CR36', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Weder MM, Kadl A. Longitudinal impact of COVID-19 on lung function in ' 'lung transplant recipients: time to stop worrying? Transpl Infect Dis ' '2023;:e14131.', 'DOI': '10.1111/tid.14131'}, { 'key': '9269_CR37', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '309', 'DOI': '10.1007/s15010-021-01734-2', 'volume': '50', 'author': 'V Thakur', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Thakur V, Bhola S, Thakur P, et al. Waves and variants of SARS-CoV-2: ' 'understanding the causes and effect of the COVID-19 catastrophe. ' 'Infection. 2022;50:309–25.', 'journal-title': 'Infection'}, { 'key': '9269_CR38', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1037', 'DOI': '10.1007/s11596-021-2395-1', 'volume': '41', 'author': 'L Forchette', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Forchette L, Sebastian W, Liu T. A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19 ' 'Virology, vaccines, variants, and therapeutics. Curr Med Sci. ' '2021;41:1037–51.', 'journal-title': 'Curr Med Sci'}, { 'key': '9269_CR39', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1504', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.12.014', 'volume': '54', 'author': 'J Zimmermann', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Zimmermann J, Glueck OM, Fertmann JM, et al. COVID-19 in recent lung ' 'transplant recipients: clinical outcomes and management strategies. ' 'Transpl Proc. 2022;54:1504–16.', 'journal-title': 'Transpl Proc'}, { 'key': '9269_CR40', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '177', 'DOI': '10.1097/TP.0000000000003508', 'volume': '105', 'author': 'J Messika', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Messika J, Eloy P, Roux A, et al. COVID-19 in lung transplant ' 'recipients. Transplantation. 2021;105:177–86.', 'journal-title': 'Transplantation'}, { 'key': '9269_CR41', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e0257807', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0257807', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'JC Kamp', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Kamp JC, Hinrichs JB, Fuge J, Ewen R, Gottlieb J. COVID-19 in lung ' 'transplant recipients-risk prediction and outcomes. PLoS ONE. ' '2021;16:e0257807.', 'journal-title': 'PLoS ONE'}], 'container-title': 'BMC Infectious Diseases', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12879-024-09269-1.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-024-09269-1/fulltext.html', 'content-type': 'text/html', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12879-024-09269-1.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-05-28T15:09:06Z', 'timestamp': 1716908946000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': { 'primary': { 'URL': 'https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-024-09269-1'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]]}, 'references-count': 41, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '1', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 12]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['9269'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09269-1', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['1471-2334'], 'subject': [], 'container-title-short': 'BMC Infect Dis', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 28]]}, 'assertion': [ { 'value': '28 January 2024', 'order': 1, 'name': 'received', 'label': 'Received', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '28 March 2024', 'order': 2, 'name': 'accepted', 'label': 'Accepted', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '28 May 2024', 'order': 3, 'name': 'first_online', 'label': 'First Online', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, {'order': 1, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Declarations'}}, { 'value': 'Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the need for informed consent was ' 'waived by the Ethics Committee of the Société de Pneumologie de Langue ' 'Française (CEPRO) (number CEPRO2023-036)', 'order': 2, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Ethics approval and consent to participate'}}, { 'value': 'The authors declare no competing interests.', 'order': 3, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Competing interests'}}], 'article-number': '536'}