Baseline serum vitamin A and vitamin C levels and their association with disease severity in COVID-19 patients
Yilmaz et al.,
Baseline serum vitamin A and vitamin C levels and their association with disease severity in COVID-19 patients,
Acta Biomedica Atenei Parmensis, doi:10.23750/abm.v94i1.13655
Analysis of 53 consecutive hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 26 matched controls, showing significantly lower vitamin A and vitamin C levels in COVID-19 patients, and a negative correlation between vitamin A and vitamin C levels and CT scores and length of hospitalization.
Yilmaz et al., 13 Feb 2023, retrospective, Turkey, peer-reviewed, 14 authors, study period May 2020 - July 2020.
Abstract: Acta Biomed 2023; Vol. 94, N. 1: e2023007
DOI: 10.23750/abm.v94i1.13655
© Mattioli 1885
Or iginal inve stigations/commentar ie s
Baseline serum vitamin A and vitamin C levels and their
association with disease severity in COVID-19 patients
Gulseren Yilmaz1, Huri Bulut 2, Derya Ozden Omaygenc 3, Aysu Akca4, Esra Can4,
Nevin Tuten4, Aysegul Bestel 4, Baki Erdem5, Uygar Ozan Atmaca1, Yasin Kara6,
Ebru Kaya1, Murat Ünsel 7, Ayca Sultan Sahin1, Ziya Salihoglu8
1
Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training & Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care,
Istanbul,
urkey; 2Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Istanbul Haseki
T
Training & Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Istanbul, Turkey; 4Kanuni Sultan Suleyman
Training & Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey; 5Acıbadem University, Faculty of
Medicine, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey; 6Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training & Research Hospital,
Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey; 7Basaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology
and Critical Care, Istanbul, Turkey; 8Istanbul University – Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology,
Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract. Aim: We aimed to investigate the association between the serum concentrations of Vitamin A
and Vitamin C and the severity of the COVID-19. Methods: Fifty-three consecutive PCR (+) COVID-19
patients admitted to a dedicated ward were enrolled in this study. Blood samples for serum Vitamin A and
C measurements were drawn from all participants upon admission. All subjects underwent thoracic CT imaging prior to hospitalization. CT severity score (CT-SS) was then calculated for determining the extent of
pulmonary involvement. A group of healthy volunteers, in whom COVID-19 was ruled out, were assigned to
the control group (n=26). These groups were compared by demographic features and serum vitamin A and C
levels. The relationship between serum concentrations of these vitamins and pre-defined outcome measures,
CT-SS and length of hospitalization (LOH), was also assessed. Results: In COVID-19 patients, serum Vitamin
A (ng/ml, 494±96 vs. 698±93; p<0.001) and Vitamin C (ng/ml, 2961 [1991-31718] vs. 3953 [1385-8779];
p=0.007) levels were significantly lower with respect to healthy controls. According to the results of correlation analyses, there was a significant negative association between Vitamin A level and outcome measures
(LOH, r=-0.293; p=0.009 and CT-SS, r=-0.289; p=0.010). The negative correlations between Vitamin C level
and those measures were even more prominent (LOH, r=-0.478; p<0.001 and CT-SS, r=-0.734: p<0.001).
Conclusion: COVID-19 patients had lower baseline serum Vitamin A and Vitamin C levels as compared to
healthy controls. In subjects with COVID-19, Vitamin A and Vitamin C levels were negatively correlated
with CT-SS and LOH. (www.actabiomedica.it)
Key words: Ascorbic acid, COVID-19, Hospital stay, Pulmonary disease, Vitamin A
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