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All Studies   Meta Analysis       

The relationship between oxygen therapy, drug therapy, and COVID-19 mortality

Yang et al., Open Medicine, doi:10.1515/med-2022-0569
Aug 2022  
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Mortality -11% Improvement Relative Risk Budesonide for COVID-19  Yang et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with budesonide beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 185 patients in China (January - February 2020) No significant difference in mortality c19early.org Yang et al., Open Medicine, August 2022 Favorsbudesonide Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
Budesonide for COVID-19
19th treatment shown to reduce risk in April 2021, now with p = 0.0000011 from 15 studies, recognized in 8 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 110 treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective 185 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China, showing no significant difference in mortality with budesonide use in unadjusted results.
Targeted administration to the respiratory tract provides treatment directly to the typical source of initial SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication, and allows for rapid onset of action, higher local drug concentration, and reduced systemic side effects (early treatment may be more beneficial).
This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: unadjusted results with no group details.
risk of death, 10.8% higher, RR 1.11, p = 0.85, treatment 30 of 125 (24.0%), control 13 of 60 (21.7%).
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Yang et al., 31 Aug 2022, retrospective, China, peer-reviewed, median age 62.0, 12 authors, study period 1 January, 2020 - 29 February, 2020. Contact: 2205603@tongji.edu.cn, 1220775601@qq.com, 29553185@qq.com.
This PaperBudesonideAll
The relationship between oxygen therapy, drug therapy, and COVID-19 mortality
Ling Yang, Guoxi Chen, Yuyang Cai, Ye An, Xiaopan Li, Ying Chen, Cheng Xu, Chen Ji, Xing Lan, Yaling Wang, Hai Huang, Li Han
Open Medicine, doi:10.1515/med-2022-0569
Since December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 . We conducted a retrospective study of COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital (Wuhan, China) from January 1 to February 29, 2020. The subjects were divided into four groups due to different treatment regimes. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to determine the cumulative rates of in-hospital death and the Cox proportional hazard model to calculate the risk factors and corresponding hazard ratios. A total of 185 patients were included in this study. The median age of the patients was 62 years, including 94 men and 91 women. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that mortality was higher in older patients, higher in men, and lower in the low-flow oxygen therapy group. Body mass index (BMI) had no influence on mortality, as well as high flow oxygen therapy, Lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) therapy, and the interferon-alpha add LPV/r therapy. Cox proportional hazard regression confirmed that the low flow oxygen therapy was independent protective factor for in-hospital death after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. In conclusion, the mortality was higher in older patients, higher in men, and lower in the low-flow oxygen therapy group. BMI had no influence on mortality, as well as high flow oxygen therapy, LPV/r therapy, and interferon-alpha add LPV/r therapy.
Abbreviations Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
References
Cao, Wang, Wen, Liu, Wang et al., A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001282.Epub2020
Holshue, Debolt, Lindquist, Lofy, Wiesman et al., First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001191.Epub2020
Li, Guan, Wu, Wang, Zhou et al., Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirusinfected pneumonia, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001316.Epub2020
Mo, Xing, Xiao, Deng, Zhao et al., Clinical characteristics of refractory COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China, Clin Infect Dis, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa270
Wang, Pan, Tan, Xu, Ho, Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China, Int J Environ Res Public Health, doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
Wenham, Smith, Morgan, COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak, Lancet, doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30526-2.Epub2020
Wu, Liu, Zhao, Liu, Wang, Clinical characteristics of imported cases of COVID-19 in Jiangsu Province: a multicenter descriptive study, Clin Infect Dis, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa199
Zeng, Xu, He, Tang, Li et al., Comparative effectiveness and safety of ribavirin plus interferon-alpha, lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-alpha and ribavirin plus lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-alphain in patients with mild to moderate novel coronavirus pneumonia, Chin Med J, doi:10.1097/CM9.0000000000000790
Zhao, Cao, Chong, Gao, Lou et al., The timevarying serial interval of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its gender-specific difference: A data-driven analysis using public surveillance data in Hong Kong and Shenzhen, China from January 10 to, Infect Control Hospital Epidemiol, doi:10.1017/ice.2020.64
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Late treatment
is less effective
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