Analysis of trace elements (Zn and Cu) levels in COVID-19 patients with ICU and Non-ICU hospitalization
Ram et al.,
Analysis of trace elements (Zn and Cu) levels in COVID-19 patients with ICU and Non-ICU hospitalization,
Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2418159/v1 (Preprint)
Prospective analysis of 122 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, showing significantly lower zinc levels in ICU patients compared with non-ICU patients. Zinc levels were lower in non-survivors compared with survivors, without statistical significance.
Ram et al., 3 Jan 2023, prospective, preprint, 10 authors, study period July 2020 - November 2020.
Abstract: Analysis of trace elements (Zn and Cu) levels in
COVID-19 patients with ICU and Non-ICU
hospitalization
Sant Ram ( drsantram2016@gmail.com )
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Neha Saini
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Ram Krishan Saini
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Sandeep Kaur
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Piyush Pathak
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Ravjit Jassal
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Mohana Kumari Chidananda
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Deepy Zohmangaihi
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Shiv lal Soni
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Vikas Suri
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Research Article
Keywords:
Posted Date: January 3rd, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2418159/v1
License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Read Full License
Page 1/17
Abstract
Background: The persistence of the COVID-19 pandemic besides its current resurgence and continuously
increasing fatalities indicates a vital need for severity assessment at its early stages. Recent studies have
already ascribed mortality to chronic inflammation. But the part of trace elements, especially zinc and
copper that have been known to possess antiviral roles for a long time is least studied in COVID-19.
Methods: The study comprised 122 COVID-19-positive participants admitted to the tertiary care hospital.
Among them, eighty-one (~66%) were admitted to ICU under high severity. Levels of Zn and Cu along with
CRP were analyzed and compared among ICU and non-ICU admitted patients. Using ROC analysis, the
potential and precise levels for defining severity were determined.
Results: We found a significant reduction in Zn levels (p=0.001) in ICU-admitted patients compared to the
non-ICU group which was more pronounced in females and patients aged above 50 years. Reduction in
the levels of Zn is accompanied by elevated CRP levels (p<0.001) in ICU patients with no effect on Cu
levels. Upon ROC analysis, Zn and CRP were found to have significant AUC (p<0.0001). Further, CRP to Zn
ratio displayed improved AUC with 90% sensitivity indicating their applicability to predict ICU
requirements.
Conclusions: The present study was primarily aimed to predict the status of zinc and copper in COVID-19
patients and their utility as a prognostic tool for deciding the severity. Our findings indicate that CRP to Zn
ratio might feasibly be used to predict the progression of COVID-19 toward severity. Keywords: COVID-19,
Severity, Zinc, Copper, CRP
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
FLCCC and
WCH
provide treatment protocols.
Submit