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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality -70% Improvement Relative Risk Ventilation -10% ICU admission -30% Mortality (b) 36% levels Ventilation (b) 57% levels ICU admission (b) -13% levels c19early.org/d Pecina et al. Vitamin D for COVID-19 Prophylaxis Is prophylaxis with vitamin D beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 92 patients in the USA Higher mortality with vitamin D (not stat. sig., p=0.52) Pecina et al., J. Primary Care & Community Health, doi:10.1177/21501327211041206 Favors vitamin D Favors control
Vitamin D Status and Severe COVID-19 Disease Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients
Pecina et al., Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, doi:10.1177/21501327211041206
Pecina et al., Vitamin D Status and Severe COVID-19 Disease Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients, Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, doi:10.1177/21501327211041206
Aug 2021   Source   PDF  
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Retrospective 92 hospitalized patients not showing significant differences in outcomes based on vitamin D status or supplementation.
risk of death, 70.0% higher, OR 1.70, p = 0.52, treatment 29, control 63, supplementation, unadjusted, RR approximated with OR, excluded in exclusion analyses: unadjusted results with no group details.
risk of mechanical ventilation, 10.0% higher, OR 1.10, p = 0.89, treatment 29, control 63, supplementation, unadjusted, RR approximated with OR, excluded in exclusion analyses: unadjusted results with no group details.
risk of ICU admission, 30.0% higher, OR 1.30, p = 0.61, treatment 29, control 63, supplementation, unadjusted, RR approximated with OR, excluded in exclusion analyses: unadjusted results with no group details.
risk of death, 35.9% lower, RR 0.64, p = 0.74, high D levels (≥20ng/mL) 6 of 77 (7.8%), low D levels (<20ng/mL) 1 of 15 (6.7%), inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels (≥20ng/mL), cutoff ≥20ng/mL, odds ratio converted to relative risk, multivariable logistic regression, outcome based on serum levels.
risk of mechanical ventilation, 56.9% lower, RR 0.43, p = 0.22, high D levels (≥20ng/mL) 8 of 15 (53.3%), low D levels (<20ng/mL) 4 of 15 (26.7%), inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels (≥20ng/mL), cutoff ≥20ng/mL, odds ratio converted to relative risk, multivariable logistic regression, outcome based on serum levels.
risk of ICU admission, 13.1% higher, RR 1.13, p = 0.57, high D levels (≥20ng/mL) 54 of 77 (70.1%), low D levels (<20ng/mL) 9 of 15 (60.0%), inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels (≥20ng/mL), cutoff ≥20ng/mL, odds ratio converted to relative risk, multivariable logistic regression, outcome based on serum levels.
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Pecina et al., 27 Aug 2021, retrospective, USA, peer-reviewed, 4 authors, dosage not specified.
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Abstract: 1041206 research-article2021 JPCXXX10.1177/21501327211041206Journal of Primary Care & Community HealthPecina et al Original Research Journal of Primary Care & Community Health Volume 12: 1–7 © The Author(s) 2021 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions https://doi.org/10.1177/21501327211041206 DOI: 10.1177/21501327211041206 journals.sagepub.com/home/jpc Vitamin D Status and Severe COVID-19 Disease Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients Jennifer L. Pecina1 , Stephen P. Merry1 , John G. Park1, and Tom D. Thacher1 Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Objectives: To determine if 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were associated with the clinical outcomes of days on oxygen, duration of hospitalization, ICU admission, need for assisted ventilation, or mortality. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 92 patients admitted to the hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection between April 16, 2020 and October 17, 2020. Multivariable regression was performed to assess the independent relationship of 25(OH)D values on outcomes, adjusting for significant covariates and the hospitalization day the level was tested. Results: About 15 patients (16.3%) had 25(OH)D levels <20 ng/mL. Only 1 patient (3.4%) who had documented vitamin D supplementation prior to admission had 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were not significantly associated with any of our primary outcomes of days on oxygen, duration of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for mechanical ventilation, or mortality in any of the adjusted multivariable models. Adjusting for the hospital day of 25(OH) D sampling did not alter the relationship of 25(OH)D with any outcomes. Conclusion: Vitamin D status was not related to any of the primary outcomes reflecting severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. However, our sample size may have lacked sufficient power to demonstrate a small effect of vitamin D status on these outcomes. Keywords 25-hydroxyvitamin D, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, COVID-19, critical care Dates received: 1 June 2021; revised: 2 August 2021; accepted: 4 August 2021.
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