The short-term effect of different chlorhexidine forms versus povidone iodine mouth rinse in minimizing the oral SARS-CoV-2 viral load: An open label randomized controlled clinical trial study

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1097/md.0000000000028925", "ISSN": [ "1536-5964" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000028925", "abstract": "<jats:p>Several investigations evaluated the possibility of different types of mouth wash rinse in minimizing the SARS-CoV-2 load. However, results still controversial. The study aim is to assess the short-term efficiency of several over-the-counter mouth rinses and lozenges in minimizing the salivary viral load for SARS-CoV-2 in patients with confirmed COVID-19 in comparison to saline. This is a randomized controlled clinical trial with 4 arms. The recruited cases were randomized using a simple randomization technique and were assigned to chlorhexidine digluconate mouth rinse (CHX mouth rinse), 2 mg of chlorhexidine digluconate lozenges (CHX lozenges), povidone iodine mouth rinse (PVP-I mouth rinse) or saline as a control group. Saliva were collected from all study subjects by passive drool technique at two time points. First, prior to intervention with mouth rinse or the lozenges, the baseline saliva sample was collected. Second saliva samples were collected immediately after the mouth rinse. Real time PCR was conducted and the value threshold cycle (Ct) for each sample was recorded. Majority of the participants had an education level of high school or less (60%), were married (68.3), males (58.3%), and non-smokers (58.5%). No statistically significant differences between groups at the two times test (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> &gt; .05). However, a significant decrease of salivary viral load in all four groups combined (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic>-value for E genes = .027, and for S genes = .006), and in PVP-I mouth rinse specifically (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> = .003 and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P</jats:italic> = .045, respectively). Povidone iodine mouth rinse showed a potential influence on the reduction of the viral load on a short-term basis. However, longer-term studies of the effect of these products should be conducted.</jats:p>", "author": [ { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2723-0255", "affiliation": [ { "name": "Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia" } ], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Natto", "given": "Zuhair S.", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia" } ], "family": "Bakhrebah", "given": "Muhammed A.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Study and Research Department, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia" } ], "family": "Afeef", "given": "Marwah", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Intensive Care Unit, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia" } ], "family": "Al-Harbi", "given": "Samiah", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia" } ], "family": "Nassar", "given": "Majed S.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia" }, { "name": "Department of Pathology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." } ], "family": "Alhetheel", "given": "Abdulkarim F.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia" } ], "family": "Ashi", "given": "Heba", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "Medicine", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 8, 10 ] ], "date-time": "2022-08-10T22:06:38Z", "timestamp": 1660169198000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 9, 28 ] ], "date-time": "2023-09-28T03:29:29Z", "timestamp": 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