Use of Bromhexine and Hydroxychloroquine for Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia

Mežnar et al., NCT04355026, NCT04355026, Jul 2020

TMPRSS2 inhibitors

22nd treatment shown to reduce risk in April 2021, now with p = 0.00063 from 29 studies.

Lower risk for mortality, ventilation, and recovery.

No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.

6,300+ studies for 210+ treatments. c19early.org

Meta Analysis

Estimated 90 patient TMPRSS2 inhibitor + HCQ late treatment RCT with results not reported over 5 years after estimated completion.

7 TMPRSS2 inhibitors RCTs have results missing long after expected1-7
The trials report a total of 1,116 patients, with 3 trials having actual enrollment of 142, and the remainder estimated.

Important missing comments or errors? Let us know.

Study covers TMPRSS2 inhibitors, bromhexine, and HCQ.

1. Seydi et al., Multicentre, Open Label, Randomised, Adaptative Clinical Trial of Efficacy and Safety of Treatment Regimens in Adult COVID-19 Patients in Senegal, NCT04390594, clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04390594clinicaltrials.gov.

2. Kim et al., A Double-blind, Multi-center, Multi-regional, Randomized Controlled, Phase 3 Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of CKD-314 in Hospitalized Adult Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19, NCT04871646, clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04871646clinicaltrials.gov.

3. Boutboul et al., A Multicenter Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Camostat Mesylate for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection - COVID-19 in Ambulatory Adult Patients (CAMOVID), NCT04608266, clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04608266clinicaltrials.gov.

4. Granados-Montiel et al., New prophylaxis regimen for SARS-CoV-2 infection in health professionals with low doses of hydroxychloroquine and bromhexine: a randomised, double-blind placebo clinical trial (ELEVATE Trial), BMJ Open, doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045190.bmj.com, doi.org.

5. Bae et al., Treatment Effect of Nafamostat Mesylate in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia: Open Labelled Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial, NCT04418128, clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04418128clinicaltrials.gov.

6. Kim (B) et al., Open-label, Multi-center, Randomized Controlled, Phase 2 Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of CKD-314 in Hospitalized Adult Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19, NCT04628143, clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04628143clinicaltrials.gov.

7. Mežnar et al., Use of Bromhexine and Hydroxychloroquine for Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia, NCT04355026, clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04355026clinicaltrials.gov.

Mežnar et al., 31 Jul 2020, Randomized Controlled Trial, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with HCQ) - results of individual treatments may vary, trial NCT04355026 (history).

Late treatment
is less effective