AS1411 for COVID-19

AS1411 may be beneficial for COVID-19 according to the studies below. COVID-19 involves the interplay of 500+ viral and host proteins and factors providing many therapeutic targets. Scientists have proposed 11,000+ potential treatments. c19early.org analyzes 210+ treatments. We have not reviewed AS1411 in detail.
Bojkova et al., Discovery of synthetic G-quadruplex DNA as SARS-CoV-2 helicase inhibitor with antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, Cell Death Discovery, doi:10.1038/s41420-026-03006-0
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 RNA contains guanine-rich sequences that form secondary structures known as G quadruplexes (G4s). The SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein (NSP13) resolves G4s due to its helicase and ATPase activity, a process essential for viral replication. Here, we tested the effects of synthetic G4s on SARS-CoV-2 replication. In agreement, a synthetic G4 DNA 20 mer, consisting exclusively of guanines linked by a phosphorothioate backbone (designated GQ20-PTO), inhibited the replication of various SARS-CoV-2 variants in human lung cell cultures. Mechanistically, GQ20-PTO bound to NSP13 and inhibited its helicase and ATPase activity. Independent of its antiviral effects, GQ20-PTO additionally suppressed IFNβ and IL-6 (but not TNFα) signaling and the formation of reactive oxygen species, processes known to contribute to hyperinflammation in severe COVID-19. Hence, G4 quadruplexes like GQ20-PTO represent a novel class of DNA-based compounds for COVID-19 treatment with the potential to interfere with both SARS-CoV-2 replication and the uncontrolled inflammation associated with life-threatening COVID-19.
Khalifa et al., After the Hurricane: Anti-COVID-19 Drugs Development, Molecular Mechanisms of Action and Future Perspectives, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, doi:10.3390/ijms25020739
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus in the Coronaviridae family. The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has undoubtedly been the largest crisis of the twenty-first century, resulting in over 6.8 million deaths and 686 million confirmed cases, creating a global public health issue. Hundreds of notable articles have been published since the onset of this pandemic to justify the cause of viral spread, viable preventive measures, and future therapeutic approaches. As a result, this review was developed to provide a summary of the current anti-COVID-19 drugs, as well as their timeline, molecular mode of action, and efficacy. It also sheds light on potential future treatment options. Several medications, notably hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir, were initially claimed to be effective in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 but eventually demonstrated inadequate activity, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) withdrew hydroxychloroquine. Clinical trials and investigations, on the other hand, have demonstrated the efficacy of remdesivir, convalescent plasma, and monoclonal antibodies, 6-Thioguanine, hepatitis C protease inhibitors, and molnupiravir. Other therapeutics, including inhaled medicines, flavonoids, and aptamers, could pave the way for the creation of novel anti-COVID-19 therapies. As future pandemics are unavoidable, this article urges immediate action and extensive research efforts to develop potent specialized anti-COVID-19 medications.