The influence of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. against COVID‐19: A phase II, multicenter, placebo‐controlled, randomized trial

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 1, 21]], 'date-time': '2024-01-21T05:05:29Z', 'timestamp': 1705813529148}, 'reference-count': 43, 'publisher': 'Wiley', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 22]], 'date-time': '2023-11-22T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1700611200000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['onlinelibrary.wiley.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2024, 1]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The incubation period of COVID‐19 symptoms, along ' 'with the proliferation and high transmission rate of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, is the cause of an ' 'uncontrolled epidemic worldwide. Vaccination is the front line of prevention, and ' 'antiinflammatory and antiviral drugs are the treatment of this disease. In addition, some ' 'herbal therapy approaches can be a good way to deal with this disease. The aim of this study ' 'was to evaluate the effect of propolis syrup with <jats:italic>Hyoscyamus niger</jats:italic> ' 'L. extract in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 with acute disease conditions in a ' 'double‐blinded approach. The study was performed on 140 patients with COVID‐19 in a ' 'double‐blind, randomized, and multicentral approach. The main inclusion criterion was the ' 'presence of a severe type of COVID‐19 disease. The duration of treatment with syrup was ' '6\u2009days and 30\u2009CC per day in the form of three meals. On Days 0, 2, 4, and 6, ' 'arterial blood oxygen levels, C‐reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and ' "white blood cell, as well as the patient's clinical symptoms such as fever and chills, cough " 'and shortness of breath, chest pain, and other symptoms, were recorded and analyzed. Propolis ' 'syrup with <jats:italic>H. niger</jats:italic> L. significantly reduces cough from the second ' 'day, relieving shortness of breath on the fourth day, and significantly reduces CRP, ' 'weakness, and lethargy, as well as significantly increased arterial blood oxygen pressure on ' 'the sixth day compared to the placebo group (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009' '0.05). The results in patients are such that in the most severe conditions of the disease ' '80%\u2009&lt;\u2009SpO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (oxygen saturation), the healing process of the ' 'syrup on reducing CRP and increasing arterial blood oxygen pressure from the fourth day is ' 'significantly different compared with the placebo group (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009' '&lt;\u20090.05). The use of syrup is associated with a reduction of 3.6\u2009days in the ' 'hospitalization period compared with the placebo group. Propolis syrup with <jats:italic>H. ' 'niger</jats:italic> L. has effectiveness in the viral and inflammatory phases on clinical ' 'symptoms and blood parameters and arterial blood oxygen levels of patients with COVID‐19. ' 'Also, it reduces referrals to the intensive care unit and mortality in hospitalized patients ' 'with COVID‐19. So, this syrup promises to be an effective treatment in the great challenge of ' 'COVID‐19.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1002/ptr.8047', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 24]], 'date-time': '2023-11-24T16:23:39Z', 'timestamp': 1700843019000}, 'page': '400-410', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'The influence of propolis plus <i>Hyoscyamus niger</i> L. against <scp>COVID</scp>‐19: A phase ' '<scp>II</scp>, multicenter, placebo‐controlled, randomized trial', 'prefix': '10.1002', 'volume': '38', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Morteza', 'family': 'Kosari', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Physiology Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences Kashan ' 'University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran'}, { 'name': 'Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad ' 'University Tehran Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Farzin', 'family': 'Khorvash', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Infectious Disease, Medical School Isfahan ' 'University of Medical Science Isfahan Iran'}, { 'name': 'Nosocomial Infection Research Center Isfahan University of ' 'Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Mohammad Kazem', 'family': 'Sayyah', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Infectious Diseases Research Center Kashan ' 'University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Maryam', 'family': 'Ansari Chaharsoughi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases and ' 'Tropical Medicine Research Center Isfahan University of Medical ' 'Sciences Isfahan Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Ahmad', 'family': 'Najafi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Infectious Diseases Research Center Kashan ' 'University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Mansooreh', 'family': 'Momen‐Heravi', 'sequence': 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