Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Abstract
All casirivimab/imdevimab..
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchCasirivimab/imdevimabCasirivimab/i.. (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   

Studies in humanized mice and convalescent humans yield a SARS-CoV-2 antibody cocktail

Hansen et al., Science, 21 Aug 2020, 369:6506, 1010-1014, doi:10.1126/science.abd0827
Aug 2020  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
17th treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2021
 
*, now with p = 0.00018 from 31 studies, recognized in 45 countries. Efficacy is variant dependent.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments. * >10% efficacy, ≥3 studies.
4,800+ studies for 98 treatments. c19early.org
Study using humanized mice and blood samples from recovered COVID-19 patients to generate antibodies targeting multiple different regions of the critical receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The spike protein on the virus cell surface binds to the host cell and is required for infectivity. By blocking its interaction with the host cell, antibodies are able to neutralize the virus and block infection. Authors selected pairs of highly potent individual antibodies that simultaneously and non-competitively bind to the RBD. The multi-antibody approach is used to decrease the potential for the virus to escape.
Efficacy is variant dependent. In Vitro research suggests a lack of efficacy for many omicron variants1-6.
Hansen et al., 21 Aug 2020, peer-reviewed, 47 authors.
This PaperCasirivimab/i..All
Studies in humanized mice and convalescent humans yield a SARS-CoV-2 antibody cocktail
Johanna Hansen, Alina Baum, Kristen E Pascal, Vincenzo Russo, Stephanie Giordano, Elzbieta Wloga, Benjamin O Fulton, Ying Yan, Katrina Koon, Krunal Patel, Kyung Min Chung, Aynur Hermann, Erica Ullman, Jonathan Cruz, Ashique Rafique, Tammy Huang, Jeanette Fairhurst, Christen Libertiny, Marine Malbec, Wen-Yi Lee, Richard Welsh, Glen Farr, Seth Pennington, Dipali Deshpande, Jemmie Cheng, Anke Watty, Pascal Bouffard, Robert Babb, Natasha Levenkova, Calvin Chen, Bojie Zhang, Annabel Romero Hernandez, Kei Saotome, Yi Zhou, Matthew Franklin, Sumathi Sivapalasingam, David Chien Lye, Stuart Weston, James Logue, Robert Haupt, Matthew Frieman, Gang Chen, William Olson, Andrew J Murphy, Neil Stahl, George D Yancopoulos, Christos A Kyratsous
Neutralizing antibodies have become an important tool in treating infectious diseases. Recently, two separate approaches yielded successful antibody treatments for Ebola-one from genetically humanized mice and the other from a human survivor. Here, we describe parallel efforts using both humanized mice and convalescent patients to generate antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein, which yielded a large collection of fully human antibodies that were characterized for binding, neutralization, and three-dimensional structure. On the basis of these criteria, we selected pairs of highly potent individual antibodies that simultaneously bind the receptor binding domain of the spike protein, thereby providing ideal partners for a therapeutic antibody cocktail that aims to decrease the potential for virus escape mutants that might arise in response to selective pressure from a single-antibody treatment.
An antibody cocktail against SARS-CoV-2 There is an urgent focus on antibodies that target the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral spike and prevent the virus from entering host cells. Hansen et al. generated a large panel of antibodies against the spike protein from humanized mice and recovered patients. From this panel, they identified several neutralizing antibodies, including pairs that do not compete for binding to the receptor binding domain. Baum et al. focused in on four of these antibodies. All four are effective against known spike variants. However, by growing a pseudovirus that expresses the spike in the presence of individual antibodies, the authors were able to select for spike mutants resistant to that antibody. In contrast, escape mutants are not selected when pseudovirus is grown in the presence of pairs of antibodies that either do not compete or only partially compete for binding to the RBD. Such a pair might be used in a therapeutic antibody cocktail.
References
Alt, Blackwell, Yancopoulos, None, Trends Genet
Baum, None, Science
Cao, None, Cell
Corti, None, Science
Dilillo, Palese, Wilson, Ravetch, None, J. Clin. Invest
Hansen, None, Science
Lan, None, Nature
Larkin, None, N. Engl. J. Med
Lau, None, Emerg. Microbes Infect
Lei, None, Nat. Commun
Macdonald, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U
Murphy, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U
Pascal, None, J. Infect. Dis
Rogers, None, Science
Saphire, None, Cell
Saphire, Schendel, Gunn, Milligan, Alter, None, Nat. Immunol
Walls, None, Cell
Wang, Stollar, None, J. Immunol. Methods
Wrapp, None, Science
Wu, None, Science
Yan, None, Science
Yasui, None, Virology
Yuan, None, Science
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 14]], 'date-time': '2024-05-14T17:54:53Z', 'timestamp': 1715709293693}, 'reference-count': 33, 'publisher': 'American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)', 'issue': '6506', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 8, 21]], 'date-time': '2020-08-21T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1597968000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'funder': [ { 'DOI': '10.13039/100012399', 'name': 'Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'award': ['HHSO100201700020C']}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 8, 21]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>An antibody cocktail against SARS-CoV-2</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>\n' ' There is an urgent focus on antibodies that target the severe acute respiratory ' 'syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral spike and prevent the virus from entering host ' 'cells. Hansen\n' ' <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic>\n' ' generated a large panel of antibodies against the spike protein from humanized ' 'mice and recovered patients. From this panel, they identified several neutralizing ' 'antibodies, including pairs that do not compete for binding to the receptor binding domain. ' 'Baum\n' ' <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic>\n' ' focused in on four of these antibodies. All four are effective against known ' 'spike variants. However, by growing a pseudovirus that expresses the spike in the presence of ' 'individual antibodies, the authors were able to select for spike mutants resistant to that ' 'antibody. In contrast, escape mutants are not selected when pseudovirus is grown in the ' 'presence of pairs of antibodies that either do not compete or only partially compete for ' 'binding to the RBD. Such a pair might be used in a therapeutic antibody cocktail.\n' ' </jats:p>\n' ' <jats:p>\n' ' <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic>\n' ' , this issue p.\n' ' <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ' 'ext-link-type="doi" issue="6506" page="1010" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="369" ' 'xlink:href="10.1126/science.abd0827">1010</jats:related-article>\n' ' , p.\n' ' <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ' 'ext-link-type="doi" issue="6506" page="1014" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="369" ' 'xlink:href="10.1126/science.abd0831">1014</jats:related-article>\n' ' </jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.abd0827', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 6, 15]], 'date-time': '2020-06-15T19:12:07Z', 'timestamp': 1592248327000}, 'page': '1010-1014', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 1090, 'title': 'Studies in humanized mice and convalescent humans yield a SARS-CoV-2 antibody cocktail', 'prefix': '10.1126', 'volume': '369', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8663-8096', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Johanna', 'family': 'Hansen', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7179-8679', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Alina', 'family': 'Baum', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-4606', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Kristen E.', 'family': 'Pascal', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3295-7654', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Vincenzo', 'family': 'Russo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-3275', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Stephanie', 'family': 'Giordano', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1494-9765', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Elzbieta', 'family': 'Wloga', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1224-4988', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Benjamin O.', 'family': 'Fulton', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-4604', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Ying', 'family': 'Yan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8473-9894', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Katrina', 'family': 'Koon', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-6169', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Krunal', 'family': 'Patel', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6795-5889', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Kyung Min', 'family': 'Chung', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5426-7777', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Aynur', 'family': 'Hermann', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6996-9053', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Erica', 'family': 'Ullman', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0573-8840', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Jonathan', 'family': 'Cruz', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4078-7242', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Ashique', 'family': 'Rafique', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Tammy', 'family': 'Huang', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2442-5348', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Jeanette', 'family': 'Fairhurst', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2271-1818', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Christen', 'family': 'Libertiny', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6087-7619', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Marine', 'family': 'Malbec', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4640-2921', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Wen-yi', 'family': 'Lee', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-5167', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Richard', 'family': 'Welsh', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5651-7995', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Glen', 'family': 'Farr', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Seth', 'family': 'Pennington', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1643-4439', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Dipali', 'family': 'Deshpande', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Jemmie', 'family': 'Cheng', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Anke', 'family': 'Watty', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7381-991X', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Pascal', 'family': 'Bouffard', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Robert', 'family': 'Babb', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9622-185X', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Natasha', 'family': 'Levenkova', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Calvin', 'family': 'Chen', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-4159', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Bojie', 'family': 'Zhang', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Annabel', 'family': 'Romero Hernandez', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Kei', 'family': 'Saotome', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1650-4591', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Yi', 'family': 'Zhou', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1482-0136', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Matthew', 'family': 'Franklin', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Sumathi', 'family': 'Sivapalasingam', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'David Chien', 'family': 'Lye', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, ' 'Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of ' 'Medicine, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308442, ' 'Singapore.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9840-2953', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Stuart', 'family': 'Weston', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of ' 'Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-9741', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'James', 'family': 'Logue', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of ' 'Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8300-7184', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Robert', 'family': 'Haupt', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of ' 'Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Matthew', 'family': 'Frieman', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of ' 'Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'Gang', 'family': 'Chen', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6254-0641', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'William', 'family': 'Olson', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-4081', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Andrew J.', 'family': 'Murphy', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7265-2575', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Neil', 'family': 'Stahl', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'given': 'George D.', 'family': 'Yancopoulos', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-2906', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Christos A.', 'family': 'Kyratsous', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.'}]}], 'member': '221', 'reference': [ { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_2_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/0168-9525(85)90089-7'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_3_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa1504030'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_4_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1073/pnas.1324022111'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_5_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1073/pnas.1323896111'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_6_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1093/infdis/jiy285'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_7_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.aad5224'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_8_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.abd0831'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_9_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0022-1759(00)00260-X'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_10_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.025'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_11_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.abc2241'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_12_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.abc7520'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_13_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.abb7269'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_14_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41467-020-16048-4'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_15_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_16_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.abb2507'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_17_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1080/22221751.2020.1756700'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_18_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1172/JCI84428'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_19_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41590-018-0233-9'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_20_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.033'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_21_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.virol.2014.02.005'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_22_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1126/science.abb2762'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_23_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41586-020-2180-5'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_24_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1038/nmeth.2413'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_25_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1073/pnas.92.10.4477'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_26_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1128/jvi.69.5.2946-2953.1995'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_27_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.08.006'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_28_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1073/pnas.94.26.14764'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_29_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1099/vir.0.80955-0'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_30_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1080/22221751.2020.1743767'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_31_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/0003-2697(91)90424-R'}, { 'key': 'e_1_3_2_32_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1002/(SICI)1099-1352(199909/10)12:5<279::AID-JMR473>3.0.CO;2-3'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_33_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ab.2008.11.038'}, {'key': 'e_1_3_2_34_2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1038/nmeth.4169'}], 'container-title': 'Science', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1126/science.abd0827', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'syndication'}, { 'URL': 'https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.abd0827', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 1, 15]], 'date-time': '2024-01-15T18:35:45Z', 'timestamp': 1705343745000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abd0827'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2020, 8, 21]]}, 'references-count': 33, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '6506', 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 8, 21]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['10.1126/science.abd0827'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abd0827', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['0036-8075', '1095-9203'], 'subject': [], 'container-title-short': 'Science', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2020, 8, 21]]}}
Loading..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit