Prevalence and risk factors of COVID-19 infection, mortality, and post-infection lung fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Randa I Farah, Hussam Al-Hawari, Asma Albtoush, Amani Nofal, Tala Basheer Hyasat, Raghed Abdel Hay Abu Jabeh, Lojayn Tareq Suboh, Ahmad A Toubasi, Tareq Fatah Eqrai, Mohammad Abufaraj
Journal of International Medical Research, doi:10.1177/03000605231198413
Objectives: The clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is often aggressive, with unfavorable outcomes for those with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of COVID-19 infection, mortality, and post-infection lung fibrosis in patients with COVID-19 infection who had T2DM. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included adult patients with T2DM who attended an endocrinology clinic and underwent testing for COVID-19 infection. Results: Among 1039 included patients, the mean age was 59.5 AE 11.0 years and 429 (41.3%) were men. Overall, 87.1% of patients had received COVID-19 vaccination and 32.3% had confirmed COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19-related mortality was 3.0% and rate of post-COVID-19 lung fibrosis was 19.1%. Vaccination was associated with lower COVID-19-related
Authors' contributions Randa I. Farah contributed to study conceptualization; formal analysis; methodology; supervision; and original writing, drafting, review, and editing of the manuscript. Hussam Al-Hawari contributed to study supervision and editing,
Declaration of conflicting interests The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
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'abstract': '<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p> The clinical course of coronavirus '
'disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is often aggressive, with unfavorable outcomes for those '
'with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to assess the prevalence '
'and risk factors of COVID-19 infection, mortality, and post-infection lung fibrosis in '
'patients with COVID-19 infection who had T2DM. '
'</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p> In this '
'cross-sectional study, we included adult patients with T2DM who attended an endocrinology '
'clinic and underwent testing for COVID-19 infection. '
'</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> Among 1039 included '
'patients, the mean age was 59.5\u2009±\u200911.0 years and 429 (41.3%) were men. Overall, '
'87.1% of patients had received COVID-19 vaccination and 32.3% had confirmed COVID-19 '
'infection. The COVID-19-related mortality was 3.0% and rate of post-COVID-19 lung fibrosis '
'was 19.1%. Vaccination was associated with lower COVID-19-related mortality (odds ratio [OR]: '
'0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0–0.3) and post-COVID-19 lung fibrosis risk (OR: 0.3, '
'95% CI: 0.1–0.9). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p> '
'Patients with T2DM exhibited a high prevalence of COVID-19 infection and associated '
'mortality. However, COVID-19 vaccines were beneficial in reducing the risks of '
'COVID-19-related mortality and post-infection lung fibrosis in these patients. COVID-19 '
'vaccines and boosters are recommended for patients with T2DM. Further studies involving '
'larger study populations are necessary to validate these findings. </jats:p></jats:sec>',
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