The predictive power of serum vitamin D for poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients
Derakhshanian et al.,
The predictive power of serum vitamin D for poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients,
Food Science & Nutrition, doi:10.1002/fsn3.2591
Retrospective 290 hospitalized patients in Iran, showing higher mortality with vitamin D deficiency.
risk of death, 44.8% lower, RR 0.55, p = 0.046, high D levels 148, low D levels 142, inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels, odds ratio converted to relative risk, control prevalance approximated with overall prevalence.
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risk of mechanical ventilation, 41.7% lower, RR 0.58, p = 0.09, high D levels 148, low D levels 142, inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels, odds ratio converted to relative risk, control prevalance approximated with overall prevalence.
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risk of ICU admission, 37.3% lower, RR 0.63, p = 0.04, high D levels 148, low D levels 142, inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels, odds ratio converted to relative risk, control prevalance approximated with overall prevalence.
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Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
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Derakhshanian et al., 19 Sep 2021, retrospective, Iran, peer-reviewed, 11 authors.
Abstract: Received: 29 January 2021
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Revised: 26 August 2021
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Accepted: 27 August 2021
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2591
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The predictive power of serum vitamin D for poor outcomes in
COVID-19 patients
Hoda Derakhshanian1,2 | Hadith Rastad3 | Sanjoy Ghosh4 | Marjan Zeinali5 |
Mahsa Ziaee5 | Tara Khoeini5 | Mohsen Farrokhpour6 | Mostafa Qorbani3
|
7
8
5,9
Mona Ramezani Ghamsari | Hossein Hasani | Zahra Mirzaasgari
1
Department of Biochemistry Genetics
and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Alborz
University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
2
Abstract
Considering the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency worldwide and its rela-
Dietary Supplements and Probiotic
Research Center, Alborz University of
Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
tionship with immune response to viral infections, this study attempted to identify
3
patients. This retrospective cohort study included all patients with confirmed
Non-communicable Diseases Research
Center, Alborz University of Medical
Sciences, Karaj, Iran
4
Department of Biology Okanagan Campus,
University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC,
Canada
5
Department of Neurology, Firoozgar
Hospital, Iran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6
Department of Internal Medicine, Firoozgar
Hospital, Iran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
7
Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid
Rajaei Educational and Medical Center,
Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj,
Iran
8
Department of Community Nutrition,
School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,
Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
9
Shefa Neuroscience Research Center,
Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Zahra Mirzaasgari, Department of
Neurology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Email: mirzaasgari@gmail.com
the predictive power of serum vitamin D for poor outcomes among the COVID-19
COVID-19 hospitalized between February 20, 2020, and April 20, 2020, at a designated COVID-19 hospital, located in Tehran province, Iran. General characteristics,
medical history and clinical symptoms were recorded by trained physicians. Blood
parameters including complete blood count, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and vitamin
D were tested. This study included 290 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (the
mean age [SD]: 61.6 [16.9], 56.6% males), of whom 142 had vitamin D concentrations
less than 20 ng/ml, defined as vitamin D deficiency. COVID-19 patients with vitamin
D deficiency were more likely to die (Crude OR [95% CI]: 2.30 [1.25–4.26]), require
ICU (2.06 [1.22–3.46]) and invasive mechanical ventilation (2.03 [1.04–3.93]) based
on univariate logistic regression results. Although, after adjusting for potentials confounders such as gender and age, the association between vitamin D and need to
invasive mechanical ventilation lost its significance, adjusted values for the risk of
death and ICU requirement were still statistically significant. Vitamin D deficiency
can be considered as a predictor of poor outcomes and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, checking serum 25 (OH) D on admission and taking vitamin D supplements according to the prophylactic or treatment protocols is recommended for
all COVID-19 patients.
KEYWORDS
Funding information
This study was funded by Iran University of
Medical Sciences and Alborz University of
Medical Sciences
coronavirus infections, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, vitamin D
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