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Beneficial aspects of high dose intravenous vitamin C on patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in severe condition: a retrospective case series study

Zhao et al., Ann. Palliat. Med., doi:10.21037/apm-20-1387
Feb 2021  
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Vitamin C for COVID-19
6th treatment shown to reduce risk in September 2020, now with p = 0.00000002 from 73 studies, recognized in 12 countries.
Lower risk for mortality, ICU, hospitalization, and recovery.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 112 treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective case study of 12 severe/critical COVID-19 patients finding that high dose IV vitamin C improved inflammatory response, immune and organ function. There was no control group.
Zhao et al., 1 Feb 2021, peer-reviewed, 14 authors.
This PaperVitamin CAll
Beneficial aspects of high dose intravenous vitamin C on patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in severe condition: a retrospective case series study
Bing Zhao, Yun Ling, Jian Li, Yibing Peng, Jun Huang, Yihui Wang, Hongping Qu, Yuan Gao, Yingchuan Li, Bijie Hu, Shuihua Lu, Hongzhou Lu, Wenhong Zhang, Enqiang Mao
Annals of Palliative Medicine, doi:10.21037/apm-20-1387
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health event without specific therapeutic agents till now. We aim to determine if high dose intravenous vitamin C (HDIVC) was effective for COVID-19 patients in severe condition. Methods: COVID-19 patients admitted in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 22, 2020 to April 11, 2020 were retrospectively scrolled. The enrolled patients were those with confirmed diagnosis of severe or critical COVID-19 pneumonia, who received HDIVC within 24 hours after disease aggravation. Main clinical outcomes obtained from 3-5 days (day 3) and 7-10 days (day 7) after HDIVC were compared to the ones just before (day 0) HDIVC. Results: Totally, twelve patients were enrolled including six severe [age of mean, 56; interquartile range (IQR), 32-65 years, 3 men] and six critical (age of mean, 63; IQR, 60-82 years, 4 men) patients. The dosage of vitamin C [median (IQR), mg/kg (body weight)/day] were [162.7 (71.1-328.6)] for severe and [178.6 (133.3-350.6)] for critical patients. By Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model, C-reactive protein (CRP) was found to decrease significantly from day 0 to 3 and 7 (severe: 59.01±37.9, 12.36±22.12, 8.95±20.4; critical: 92.5±41.21, 33.9±30.2, 59.56±41.4 mg/L). Lymphocyte and CD4+ T cell counts in severe patients reached to normal level since day 3. Similar improving trends were observed for PaO2/FiO2 (severe:
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Late treatment
is less effective
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