Retrospective analysis of vitamin D status on ınflammatory markers and course of the disease in patients with COVID-19 infection
Ünsal et al.,
Retrospective analysis of vitamin D status on ınflammatory markers and course of the disease in patients with..,
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, doi:10.1007/s40618-021-01566-9
Retrospective 56 patients in Turkey showing greater need for oxygen therapy and higher mortality with vitamin D deficiency, and significantly lower risk of pneumonia with vitamin D supplementation.
risk of death, 80.6% lower, RR 0.19, p = 0.23, high D levels 0 of 29 (0.0%), low D levels 2 of 27 (7.4%), NNT 14, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), >=20ng/mL.
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risk of oxygen therapy, 73.4% lower, RR 0.27, p = 0.07, high D levels 2 of 29 (6.9%), low D levels 7 of 27 (25.9%), NNT 5.3, >=20ng/mL.
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Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
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Ünsal et al., 5 Apr 2021, retrospective, Turkey, peer-reviewed, 10 authors.
Abstract: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (2021) 44:2601–2607
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-021-01566-9
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Retrospective analysis of vitamin D status on ınflammatory markers
and course of the disease in patients with COVID‑19 infection
Y. A. Ünsal1 · Ö. Ö. Gül1
O. Ünsal3 · E. Ertürk1
· S. Cander1
· C. Ersoy1
· E. Aydemir1
· C. Ateş1
· Z. Uzun2
· E. Armağan2
·
Received: 28 December 2020 / Accepted: 29 March 2021 / Published online: 5 April 2021
© Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) 2021
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status within the last
6 months prior to COVID-19 infection and parameters of immune function and clinical outcomes.
Methods Fifty-six patients, who were admitted to the emergency clinic and diagnosed with COVID–19 infection, were
included in the study. Data on clinical characteristics, inflammatory parameters and vitamin D status were recorded for each
patient. All the participants had data on 25-hydroxyvitamin D status within the last 6 months prior to COVID-19 infection.
Results The patients were stratified as those with vitamin D status less than 20 ng/mL and higher than 20 ng/mL. A group
with vitamin D status less than 20 ng/mL had lower lymphocyte counts and lower haemoglobin levels that was statistically
significant (respectively; p = 0.021, p = 0.035). Higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were seen in the vitamin D–deficient
group (p = 0.013). It was observed that vitamin D status of the patients who required oxygen therapy were lower than those
who did not require oxygen therapy, not statistically significant (p = 0.05). Patients who did not use vitamin D supplementation within 6 months prior to COVID-19 infection had more likely to be diagnosed with pneumonia (p = 0.004).
Conclusion Cases with lower vitamin D status had increased inflammatory markers and worse clinical outcomes than patients
with higher vitamin D status. This study suggests that vitamin D status can be used as a prognostic factor in COVID-19
patients, and vitamin D supplementation can be recommended to improve the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 infection.
Keywords Vitamin D · COVID-19 · Immunity · Anti-inflammatory · Pneumonia
E. Armağan
earmagan9999@yahoo.com
* Y. A. Ünsal
yaseminunsalay@gmail.com
Ö. Ö. Gül
drozenoz@gmail.com
O. Ünsal
oktayunsal@uludag.edu.tr
S. Cander
drcander@gmail.com
E. Ertürk
erturkerdinc@gmail.com
C. Ersoy
ecanan@uludag.edu.tr
1
E. Aydemir
ensaraydemir@gmail.com
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology
and Diseases of Metabolism, Bursa Uludag University,
Bursa, Turkey
2
C. Ateş
drcsknates@gmail.com
Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Bursa Uludag
University, Bursa, Turkey
3
Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Department, Ankara Gazi
University, Ankara, Turkey
Z. Uzun
drziyauzun61@gmail.com
13
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