Antiplatelet therapy prior to COVID-19 infection impacts on patients mortality: a propensity score-matched cohort study

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 29]], 'date-time': '2024-02-29T00:39:25Z', 'timestamp': 1709167165691}, 'reference-count': 46, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-02-28T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1709078400000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-02-28T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1709078400000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>One of the major pathomechanisms of COVID-19 is the ' 'interplay of hyperinflammation and disruptions in coagulation processes, involving ' 'thrombocytes. Antiplatelet therapy (AP) by anti-inflammatory effect and inhibition of ' 'platelet aggregation may affect these pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate if ' 'AP has an impact on the in-hospital course and medium-term outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 ' 'patients. The study population (2170 COVID-19 patients: mean\u2009±\u2009SD age 60\u2009' '±\u200919\xa0years old, 50% male) was divided into a group of 274 patients receiving any AP ' 'prior to COVID-19 infection (AP group), and after propensity score matching, a group of 274 ' 'patients without previous AP (non-AP group). Patients from the AP group were less frequently ' 'hospitalized in the intensive care unit: 9% vs. 15%, 0.55 (0.33–0.94), developed less often ' 'shock: 9% vs. 15%, 0.56 (0.33–0.96), and required less aggressive forms of therapy. The AP ' 'group had more coronary revascularizations: 5% vs. 1%, 3.48 (2.19–5.55) and strokes/TIA: 5% ' 'vs. 1%, 3.63 (1.18–11.2). The bleeding rate was comparable: 7% vs. 7%, 1.06 (0.54–2.06). The ' 'patients from the AP group had lower 3-month mortality: 31% vs. 39%, 0.69 (0.51–0.93) and ' 'didn’t differ significantly in 6-month mortality: 34% vs. 41%, 0.79 (0.60–1.04). When ' 'analyzing the subgroup with a history of myocardial infarction and/or coronary ' 'revascularization and/or previous stroke/transient ischemic attack and/or peripheral artery ' 'disease, AP had a beneficial effect on both 3-month: 37% vs. 56%, 0.58 (0.40–0.86) and ' '6-month mortality: 42% vs. 57%, 0.63 (0.44–0.92). Moreover, the favourable effect was highly ' 'noticeable in this subgroup where acetylsalicylic acid was continued during hospitalization ' 'with reduction of in-hospital: 19% vs. 43%, 0.31 (0.15–0.67), 3-month: 30% vs. 54%, 044 ' '(0.26–0.75) and 6-month mortality: 33% vs. 54%, 0.49 (0.29–0.82) when confronted with the ' 'subgroup who had acetylsalicylic acid suspension during hospitalization. The AP may have a ' 'beneficial impact on hospital course and mortality in COVID-19 and shouldn’t be discontinued, ' 'especially in high-risk patients.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-024-55407-9', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-02-28T04:32:43Z', 'timestamp': 1709094763000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Antiplatelet therapy prior to COVID-19 infection impacts on patients mortality: a propensity ' 'score-matched cohort study', 'prefix': '10.1038', 'volume': '14', 'author': [ {'given': 'Mateusz', 'family': 'Sokolski', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Konrad', 'family': 'Reszka', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Barbara', 'family': 'Adamik', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'given': 'Katarzyna', 'family': 'Kilis-Pstrusinska', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Weronika', 'family': 'Lis', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Michał', 'family': 'Pomorski', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Janusz', 'family': 'Sokolowski', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Adrian', 'family': 'Doroszko', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Katarzyna', 'family': 'Madziarska', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ewa Anita', 'family': 'Jankowska', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Marcin', 'family': 'Protasiewicz', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 28]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '55407_CR1', 'unstructured': 'World Health Organisation. WHO director-general’s opening remarks at the ' 'media briefing on COVID-19, ' 'https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 ' '(2020).'}, { 'key': '55407_CR2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '228', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jiph.2021.12.014', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'JA Malik', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Malik, J. A. et al. The SARS-CoV-2 mutations versus vaccine ' 'effectiveness: New opportunities to new challenges. J. Infect. Public ' 'Health. 15, 228–240 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'J. Infect. Public Health.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '372', 'DOI': '10.3390/v12040372', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Y Jin', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Jin, Y. et al. Virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of ' 'COVID-19. Viruses. 12, 372 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Viruses.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '524', 'DOI': '10.1080/07853890.2022.2031274', 'volume': '54', 'author': 'Q Fernandes', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Fernandes, Q. et al. Emerging COVID-19 variants and their impact on ' 'SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, therapeutics and vaccines. Ann. Med. 54, 524–540 ' '(2022).', 'journal-title': 'Ann. Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '159', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.01.051', 'volume': '171', 'author': 'M Zuin', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Zuin, M. et al. Prevalence of acute pulmonary embolism at autopsy in ' 'patients with COVID-19. Am. J. Cardiol. 171, 159–164 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Am. J. Cardiol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '5829', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41467-020-19509-y', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'H Streeck', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Streeck, H. et al. Infection fatality rate of SARS-CoV2 in a ' 'super-spreading event in Germany. Nat. Commun. 11, 5829 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Nat. Commun.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '475', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'X Yang', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Yang, X. et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients ' 'with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A single-centered, ' 'retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir. Med. 8, 475–481 ' '(2020).', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir. Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Zhang, B. et al. Clinical characteristics of 82 cases of death from ' 'COVID-19. PLoS One. 15, e0235458. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235458 (2020).', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0235458'}, { 'key': '55407_CR9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '4955', 'DOI': '10.1002/ehf2.13549', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'M Sokolski', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Sokolski, M. et al. Heart failure in COVID-19: The multicentre, ' 'multinational PCHF-COVICAV registry. ESC Heart Fail. 8, 4955–4967 ' '(2021).', 'journal-title': 'ESC Heart Fail.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '241', 'DOI': '10.3390/jcm11010241', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'M Sokolski', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Sokolski, M. et al. History of heart failure in patients hospitalized ' 'due to COVID-19: Relevant factor of in-hospital complications and ' 'all-cause mortality up to six months. J. Clin. Med. 11, 241 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'J. Clin. Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1181', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00011-020-01401-6', 'volume': '69', 'author': 'T Iba', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Iba, T., Connors, J. M. & Levy, J. H. The coagulopathy, endotheliopathy, ' 'and vasculitis of COVID-19. Inflamm. Res. 69, 1181–1189 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Inflamm. Res.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '16290', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-021-95397-6', 'volume': '1', 'author': 'RI Litvinov', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Litvinov, R. I. et al. Altered platelet and coagulation function in ' 'moderate-to-severe COVID-19. Sci. Rep. 1, 16290 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Sci. Rep.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '120', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2015432', 'volume': '383', 'author': 'M Ackermann', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Ackermann, M. et al. Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and ' 'angiogenesis in covid-19. N. Engl. J. Med. 383, 120–128 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'N. Engl. J. Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Rapkiewicz, A.V. et al. Megakaryocytes and platelet-fibrin thrombi ' 'characterize multi-organ thrombosis at autopsy in COVID-19: A case ' 'series. EClinicalMedicine. 24, 100434. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100434 (2020).', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100434'}, { 'key': '55407_CR15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '192', 'DOI': '10.1080/09537104.2021.1962519', 'volume': '33', 'author': 'M Brambilla', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Brambilla, M., Canzano, P., Becchetti, A., Tremoli, E. & Camera, M. ' 'Alterations in platelets during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Platelets. 33, ' '192–199 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Platelets.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR16', 'unstructured': 'Dwiputra Hernugrahanto, K. et al. Thromboembolic involvement and its ' 'possible pathogenesis in COVID-19 mortality: Lesson from post-mortem ' 'reports. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 25, 1670–1679 (2021).'}, { 'key': '55407_CR17', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '354', 'DOI': '10.1093/ajcp/aqaa230', 'volume': '155', 'author': 'PD McMullen', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'McMullen, P. D. et al. A descriptive and quantitative ' 'immunohistochemical study demonstrating a spectrum of platelet ' 'recruitment patterns across pulmonary infections including COVID-19. Am. ' 'J. Clin. Pathol. 155, 354–363 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Am. J. Clin. Pathol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR18', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1135', 'DOI': '10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30434-5', 'volume': '20', 'author': 'L Carsana', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Carsana, L. et al. Pulmonary post-mortem findings in a series of ' 'COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: A two-centre descriptive study. ' 'Lancet Infect. Dis. 20, 1135–1140 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Infect. Dis.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR19', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '70', 'DOI': '10.1186/s40560-020-00483-y', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'S Mondal', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Mondal, S., Quintili, A. L., Karamchandani, K. & Bose, S. Thromboembolic ' 'disease in COVID-19 patients: A brief narrative review. J. Intensive ' 'Care. 8, 70 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'J. Intensive Care.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '143', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.tcm.2020.12.004', 'volume': '31', 'author': 'MAM Ali', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ali, M. A. M. & Spinler, S. A. COVID-19 and thrombosis: From bench to ' 'bedside. Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 31, 143–160 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Trends Cardiovasc. Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '106', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.08.038', 'volume': '160', 'author': 'BC Case', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Case, B. C. et al. Comparison of outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and ' 'thrombosis versus those without thrombosis. Am. J. Cardiol. 160, 106–111 ' '(2021).', 'journal-title': 'Am. J. Cardiol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR22', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'S26', 'DOI': '10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181c98d21', 'volume': '38', 'author': 'M Levi', 'year': '2010', 'unstructured': 'Levi, M. & van der Poll, T. Inflammation and coagulation. Crit. Care ' 'Med. 38, S26-34 (2010).', 'journal-title': 'Crit. Care Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '818', 'DOI': '10.33963/KP.15516', 'volume': '78', 'author': 'M Sokolski', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Sokolski, M. et al. Cardiac emergencies during the coronavirus disease ' '2019 pandemic in the light of the current evidence. Kardiol. Pol. 78, ' '818–824 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Kardiol. Pol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR24', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2975', 'DOI': '10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315175', 'volume': '40', 'author': 'F Taus', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Taus, F. et al. Platelets promote thromboinflammation in SARS-CoV-2 ' 'pneumonia. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 40, 2975–2989 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR25', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1252', 'DOI': '10.33963/KP.a2022.0239', 'volume': '80', 'author': 'P Rola', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Rola, P. et al. Invasive assessment of coronary microvascular ' 'dysfunction in patients with long COVID: Outcomes of a pilot study. ' 'Kardiol. Pol. 80, 1252–1255 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Kardiol. Pol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR26', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '318', 'DOI': '10.33963/KP.a2022.0272', 'volume': '81', 'author': 'D Patoulias', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Patoulias, D., Dimosiari, A. & Michailidis, T. Coronary microvascular ' 'dysfunction in the context of long COVID-19: What is the effect of ' 'anti-inflammatory treatment?. Kardiol. Pol. 81, 318–319 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Kardiol. Pol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR27', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '23', 'DOI': '10.1002/rth2.12266', 'volume': '4', 'author': 'J Rayes', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Rayes, J., Bourne, J. H., Brill, A. & Watson, S. P. The dual role of ' 'platelet-innate immune cell interactions in thrombo-inflammation. Res. ' 'Pract. Thromb. Haemost. 4, 23–35 (2019).', 'journal-title': 'Res. Pract. Thromb. Haemost.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR28', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '158', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.12.073', 'volume': '142', 'author': 'HM Salah', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Salah, H. M. & Mehta, J. L. Meta-analysis of the effect of aspirin on ' 'mortality in COVID-19. Am. J. Cardiol. 142, 158–159 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Am. J. Cardiol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR29', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '227', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2021.23605', 'volume': '327', 'author': 'JS Berger', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Berger, J. S. et al. Effect of P2Y12 inhibitors on survival free of ' 'organ support among non-critically ill hospitalized patients with ' 'COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 327, 227–236 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'JAMA.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR30', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Matli, K. et al. Combined anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy is ' 'associated with an improved outcome in hospitalised patients with ' 'COVID-19: a propensity matched cohort study. Open Heart. 8, e001785. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2021-001785 (2021).', 'DOI': '10.1136/openhrt-2021-001785'}, { 'key': '55407_CR31', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Su, W. et al. Associations between the use of aspirin or other ' 'antiplatelet drugs and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19: ' 'A meta-analysis. Front. Pharmacol. 13, 989903. ' 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.989903 (2022).', 'DOI': '10.3389/fphar.2022.989903'}, { 'key': '55407_CR32', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '763', 'DOI': '10.1055/s-0040-1715456', 'volume': '46', 'author': 'A Di Minno', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Di Minno, A., Ambrosino, P., Calcaterra, I. & Di Minno, M. N. D. ' 'COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism: A meta-analysis of literature ' 'studies. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 46, 763–771 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Semin. Thromb. Hemost.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR33', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '174', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.02.007', 'volume': '171', 'author': 'AA Toubasi', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Toubasi, A. A. Effect on morbidity and mortality of direct oral ' 'anticoagulants in patients with COVID-19. Am. J. Cardiol. 171, 174–177 ' '(2022).', 'journal-title': 'Am. J. Cardiol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR34', 'unstructured': 'Stone, G. W. et al. FREEDOM COVID anticoagulation strategy randomized ' 'trial investigators. randomized trial of anticoagulation strategies for ' 'noncritically ill patients hospitalized with COVID-19. J. Am. Coll. ' 'Cardiol. 81, 1747–1762 (2023).'}, { 'key': '55407_CR35', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '352', 'DOI': '10.3390/jcm11020352', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'M Protasiewicz', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Protasiewicz, M. et al. Anticoagulation prior to COVID-19 infection has ' 'no impact on 6 months mortality: A propensity score-matched cohort ' 'study. J. Clin. Med. 11, 352 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'J. Clin. Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR36', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1435', 'DOI': '10.4244/EIJY19M01_01', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'FJ Neumann', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Neumann, F. J. et al. 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial ' 'revascularization. EuroIntervention. 14, 1435–1534 (2019).', 'journal-title': 'EuroIntervention.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR37', 'first-page': '875', 'volume': '22', 'author': 'M Protasiewicz', 'year': '2013', 'unstructured': 'Protasiewicz, M., Szymkiewicz, P., Kuliczkowski, W., Mysiak, A. & ' 'Witkiewicz, W. Modern antiplatelet therapy—opportunities and risks. Adv. ' 'Clin. Exp. Med. 22, 875–878 (2013).', 'journal-title': 'Adv. Clin. Exp. Med.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR38', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Li, L., Geraghty, O.C., Mehta, Z., Rothwell, P.M.; Oxford Vascular ' 'Study. Age-specific risks, severity, time course, and outcome of ' 'bleeding on long-term antiplatelet treatment after vascular events: a ' 'population-based cohort study. Lancet. 390, 490–499 (2017).', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30770-5'}, { 'key': '55407_CR39', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'unstructured': 'Fischer, A.L. et al. Antiplatelet agents for the treatment of adults ' 'with COVID-19. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 7, CD015078. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD015078 (2023).', 'DOI': '10.1002/14651858.CD015078'}, { 'key': '55407_CR40', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1251', 'DOI': '10.3390/biomedicines11051251', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'KM Ludwikowska', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Ludwikowska, K. M., Moksud, N., Tracewski, P., Sokolski, M. & Szenborn, ' 'L. Cardiac involvement in patients with multisystem inflammatory ' 'syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Poland. Biomedicines. 11, 1251 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Biomedicines.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR41', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2313', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jtha.2023.05.020', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'R Kumar', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Kumar, R., Rivkin, M. J. & Raffini, L. Thrombotic complications in ' 'children with Coronavirus disease 2019 and Multisystem Inflammatory ' 'Syndrome of Childhood. J. Thromb. Haemost. 21, 2313–2326 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'J. Thromb. Haemost.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR42', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '14586', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-023-40033-8', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Y Liao', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Liao, Y. Identification of potential new COVID-19 treatments via ' 'RWD-driven drug repurposing. Sci. Rep. 13, 14586 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Sci. Rep.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR43', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '490', 'DOI': '10.1160/TH14-12-1068', 'volume': '114', 'author': 'MR Thomas', 'year': '2015', 'unstructured': 'Thomas, M. R. & Storey, R. F. Effect of P2Y12 inhibitors on inflammation ' 'and immunity. Thromb. Haemost. 114, 490–497 (2015).', 'journal-title': 'Thromb. Haemost.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR44', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1648', 'DOI': '10.1161/01.ATV.0000225288.74170.dc', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'T Heitzer', 'year': '2006', 'unstructured': 'Heitzer, T. et al. Clopidogrel improves systemic endothelial nitric ' 'oxide bioavailability in patients with coronary artery disease: Evidence ' 'for antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. Arterioscler. Thromb. ' 'Vasc. Biol. 26, 1648–1652 (2006).', 'journal-title': 'Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR45', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1383', 'DOI': '10.1007/s40265-020-01365-1', 'volume': '80', 'author': 'V Bianconi', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Bianconi, V. et al. Is acetylsalicylic acid a safe and potentially ' 'useful choice for adult patients with COVID-19?. Drugs. 80, 1383–1396 ' '(2020).', 'journal-title': 'Drugs.'}, { 'key': '55407_CR46', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '240', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.09.058', 'volume': '344', 'author': 'A Sisinni', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Sisinni, A. et al. Pre-admission acetylsalicylic acid therapy and impact ' 'on in-hospital outcome in COVID-19 patients: The ASA-CARE study. Int. J. ' 'Cardiol. 344, 240–245 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Int. J. Cardiol.'}], 'container-title': 'Scientific Reports', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-55407-9.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-55407-9', 'content-type': 'text/html', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-55407-9.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-02-28T04:35:47Z', 'timestamp': 1709094947000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-55407-9'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 28]]}, 'references-count': 46, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '1', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 12]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['55407'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55407-9', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['2045-2322'], 'subject': ['Multidisciplinary'], 'container-title-short': 'Sci Rep', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2024, 2, 28]]}, 'assertion': [ { 'value': '7 October 2023', 'order': 1, 'name': 'received', 'label': 'Received', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '22 February 2024', 'order': 2, 'name': 'accepted', 'label': 'Accepted', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '28 February 2024', 'order': 3, 'name': 'first_online', 'label': 'First Online', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': 'The authors declare no competing interests.', 'order': 1, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Competing interests'}}], 'article-number': '4832'}