Metformin use and risk of COVID-19 among patients with type II diabetes mellitus: an NHIS-COVID-19 database cohort study
Oh et al.,
Metformin use and risk of COVID-19 among patients with type II diabetes mellitus: an NHIS-COVID-19 database..,
Acta Diabetologica, doi:10.1007/s00592-020-01666-7
Retrospective 27,493 type II diabetes patients in the USA, 7,204 on metformin, showing significantly lower COVID-19 cases, but no significant difference in mortality.
risk of death, 26.0% higher, OR 1.26, p = 0.30, treatment 5,946, control 5,946, adjusted per study, multivariable, RR approximated with OR.
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risk of case, 28.0% lower, RR 0.72, p < 0.001, treatment 390 of 5,946 (6.6%), control 541 of 5,946 (9.1%), NNT 39, adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, propensity score matching.
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Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
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Oh et al., 13 Feb 2021, retrospective, USA, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
Abstract: Acta Diabetologica (2021) 58:771–778
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-020-01666-7
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Metformin use and risk of COVID‑19 among patients with type II
diabetes mellitus: an NHIS‑COVID‑19 database cohort study
Tak Kyu Oh1 · In‑Ae Song1
Received: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 26 December 2020 / Published online: 13 February 2021
© Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature 2021
Abstract
Aims The relationship between metformin therapy and the risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has not been reported
among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to investigate whether metformin therapy was associated with
the incidence of COVID-19 among type 2 DM patients in South Korea.
Methods The National Health Insurance Service-COVID-19 cohort database, comprising COVID-19 patients from 1 January 2020 to 4 June 2020, was used for this study. Among them, adult patients with type 2 DM were included in this study.
Metformin users were defined as those who had been prescribed continuous oral metformin for over a period of ≥ 90 days,
and the control group was defined as all other patients.
Results Overall, 27,493 patients with type 2 DM (7204, metformin user group; 20,289, control group) were included. After
propensity score matching, 11,892 patients (5946 patients in each group) were included in the final analysis. In the logistic
regression analysis, the odds of metformin users developing COVID-19 was 30% lower than that of the control group [odds
ratio (OR): 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61–0.80; P < 0.001]. However, in the multivariate model, metformin use
was not associated with hospital mortality when compared with that of the control group (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.81–1.95;
P = 0.301).
Conclusions Metformin therapy might have potential benefits for the prevention of COVID-19 among patients with type
2 DM in South Korea. However, it did not affect the hospital mortality of type 2 DM patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
Keywords Antidiabetic drug · Cohort study · Metformin · Type 2 diabetes
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