Association of serum zinc level and clinical outcome in Egyptian COVID-19 patients

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1186/s43162-022-00159-z", "ISSN": [ "1110-7782", "2090-9098" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s43162-022-00159-z", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Zinc is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant micronutrient found in food. Due to its well-established role in immunity, it is currently being used in some clinical trials against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to assess the association between the mean serum zinc level in COVID-19 Egyptian patients and its relationship with disease severity. This cross-sectional study was conducted on sixty patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. These patients were divided into two groups according to clinical outcome, group 1 which included 30 intensive care unit (ICU) patients and group 2 which included 30 patients who were admitted to the ward. Mean serum levels of zinc were compared between the two groups.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n <jats:p>There was a statistically significant difference noted among study groups regarding the serum zinc level (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.039), where lower mean serum zinc levels were noted in ICU patients compared to ward patients (70.6 ± 5.7 vs 73.8 ± 6.1).</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Low serum zinc level is associated with the severe outcome of COVID-19 infection.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>", "alternative-id": [ "159" ], "article-number": "72", "assertion": [ { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Received", "name": "received", "order": 1, "value": "9 August 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Accepted", "name": "accepted", "order": 2, "value": "6 September 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "First Online", "name": "first_online", "order": 3, "value": "24 September 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Declarations", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 1 }, { "group": { "label": "Ethics approval and consent to participate", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 2, "value": "All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Ain Shams University (No. FMASU M S 82/2021).Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study." }, { "group": { "label": "Consent for publication", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 3, "value": "Not applicable." }, { "group": { "label": "Competing interests", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 4, "value": "The authors declare that they have no competing interests." } ], "author": [ { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-2646", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Mansour", "given": "Ahmed M. F.", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "El Nakeeb", "given": "Noha", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Kamal", "given": "Norhan Khaled Mohamed", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "ElGhandour", "given": "Ahmed Mohamed", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine", "container-title-short": "Egypt J Intern Med", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [ "link.springer.com" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 24 ] ], "date-time": "2022-09-24T20:38:38Z", "timestamp": 1664051918000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 24 ] ], "date-time": "2022-09-24T20:57:35Z", "timestamp": 1664053055000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 25 ] ], "date-time": "2022-09-25T05:09:09Z", "timestamp": 1664082549523 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "1", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 24 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "1", "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 12 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "tdm", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 24 ] ], "date-time": "2022-09-24T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1663977600000 } }, { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 24 ] ], "date-time": "2022-09-24T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1663977600000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43162-022-00159-z.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s43162-022-00159-z/fulltext.html", "content-type": "text/html", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43162-022-00159-z.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "297", "original-title": [], "prefix": "10.1186", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 24 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 9, 24 ] ] }, "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 12 ] ] }, "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "reference": [ { "DOI": "10.1007/978-94-007-5561-1_14", "author": "W Maret", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "first-page": "479", "journal-title": "Met Ions Life Sci", "key": "159_CR1", "unstructured": "Maret W (2013) Zinc and the zinc proteome. 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