Efficacy of highly bioavailable oral curcumin in asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Atsuhiro Kishimoto, Maki Komiyama, Hiromichi Wada, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Hajime Yamakage, Yoichi Ajiro, Hiroki Aoyama, Yasuhiro Katsuura, Atsushi Imaizumi, Tadashi Hashimoto, Yoichi Sunagawa, Tatsuya Morimoto, Masashi Kanai, Hideaki Kakeya, Koji Hasegawa
Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, doi:10.1186/s41043-024-00584-6
Introduction Even after the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of mild cases remains high, requiring continuous control. Curcumin, owing to its anti-inflammatory properties, can suppress vital proliferation and cytokine secretion in animal models. We developed a highly absorbable curcumin, curcuRouge ® (cR), which is approximately 100 times more orally bioavailable than conventional curcumin. We evaluated the effect of cR on the inhibition of disease progression in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients.
Methods This study evaluated the effect of 7-day oral intake of cR (360 mg twice daily). Patients within 5 days of COVID-19 diagnosis were randomly assigned to a placebo or cR group in a double-blind manner.
Results Primary endpoint events [body temperature (BT) ≥ 37.5 °C and saturation of percutaneous oxygen (SpO2) < 96%] were fewer than expected, and the rate of these events was 2.8% in the cR group (2/71) and 6.0% in the placebo group (4/67); hazard ratio (HR) = 0.532, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.097-2.902. Patients receiving cR tended to take fewer antipyretic medications than those receiving placebo (HR = 0.716, 95% CI 0.374-1.372). Among patients with a normal range of BT at baseline, the BT change rate was significantly (p = 0.014) lower in the cR group (-0.34%) versus placebo (-0.01%).
Conclusion The relative suppression of event rates and antipyretic medications taken, and significant decrease of subclinical BT support the anti-inflammatory effects of cR in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with COVID-19. Trial registration: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (CRB5200002).
Abbreviations
COVID-19 Coronavirus disease-2019 SARS-CoV-
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https:// doi. org/ 10. 1186/ s41043-024-00584-6. Additional file 1: Table S1 . Change of parameters from Day-1 to Day-7 in curcuRouge ® and placebo groups. Additional file 2: Table S2 . Change of parameters from Day-1 to Day-7 in curcuRouge ® and placebo groups of patients who did not take antipyretics.
Author contributions This manuscript has been written by AK and KH. Research conception was designed by AK and KH. The data have been gathered by HA, YA and AI. The data have been analyzed by MKomiyama, HW and HY. The final manuscript has been reviewed by NSA, YK, TH, YS, TM, MKanai and HK.
Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate The trial was approved by the Nara Medical University Ethics Committee and registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (CRB5200002).
Consent for publication Not applicable as no personal data were used in this article.
Competing interests This study was funded by a joint research agreement between NHO Kyoto Medical Center and Therabiopharma Inc. M. Kanai and H. Kakeya own equity and they are the scientific consultants of Therabiopharma Inc.
Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
References
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{'order': 1, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Declarations'}},
{ 'value': 'The trial was approved by the Nara Medical University Ethics Committee and '
'registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (CRB5200002).',
'order': 2,
'name': 'Ethics',
'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Ethics approval and consent to participate'}},
{ 'value': 'Not applicable as no personal data were used in this article.',
'order': 3,
'name': 'Ethics',
'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Consent for publication'}},
{ 'value': 'This study was funded by a joint research agreement between NHO Kyoto Medical '
'Center and Therabiopharma Inc. M. Kanai and H. Kakeya own equity and they are '
'the scientific consultants of Therabiopharma Inc.',
'order': 4,
'name': 'Ethics',
'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Competing interests'}}],
'article-number': '93'}
