CURCUMIN AS ADJUVANT THERAPY IN MILD-MODERATE COVID 19
Ronald Winardi Kartika, Marcel Tendean, Bernard Jonathan Christian, Katarina Dewi Sartika, Eka Widrian Suradji, Irsan Hasan, Ronald Winardi Kartika
Background: Coronavirus (Covid-19) has spread rapidly to more than 200 countries, including Indonesia. Adjuvant therapy of Vitamin C, D, Zinc has become beneficial for Covid-19 treatment to improve the immune system, while Curcumin is still not standard therapy. Curcumin can stimulate specific immune cells and can reduce oxidative stress. There is currently no scientific evidence showing that the addition of Curcumin can protect COVID-19, especially as an anti-inflammation and anticoagulant effect. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ukrida Hospital from January -June 2021. The inclusion criteria are Mild-Moderate Covid-19 use on Curcumin and Supplement therapy ( Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and zinc). Data analyses with SPSS v.20 use Anova test and Kruskall Walis test. This study had been approved by The Institutional Board of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Krida Wacana, Indonesia (No. 1053/SLKE-IM/UKKW/FKIK/KE/II/2021). Research Objectives: To see the effect of Curcumin as an additional therapy from Covid-19 by clinical and laboratory inflammation indicators of the usefulness of Curcumin are such as ratio neutrophil/lymphocyte, ratio platelet/lymphocyte, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein ( CRP), and D Dimer. Results: There were 246 cases, with 62.6% male and 56.5% female taking Curcumin. Curcumin has a good effect in reducing inflammation and coagulation in mild-moderate Covid-19. Patient who got Curcumin or without Curcumin as additional supplement therapy shows patient that got Curcumin has decreased inflammatory markers N/L ratio (p = 0.041), P/L ratio (p = 0.040), ESR (p = 0.013 ), and CRP ( p= 0.045). Curcumin also has an anticoagulant effect that shows a decrease of D-Dimer ( p= 0.020).
Conclusion: Curcumin is beneficial in mild-moderate Covid-19 as an anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant.
References
Aggarwal, Harikumar, Potential Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin, the Antiinflammatory Agent, Against Neurodegenerative, Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, Metabolic, Autoimmune and Neoplastic Diseases, Int. J. Biochem. Cel Biol
Anand, Kunnumakkara, Newman, Aggarwal, Bioavailability of Curcumin: Problems and Promises, Mol. Pharmaceutics
Biswas, Rahman, Modulation of Steroid Activity in Chronic Inflammation: a Novel Anti-inflammatory Role for Curcumin, Mol. Nutr. Food Res
Conti, Caraffa, Gallenga, Ross, Kritas et al., IL-1 Induces Throboxane-A2 (TxA2) in COVID-19 Causing Inflammation and Micro-thrombi: Inhibitory Effect of the IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (IL-1Ra), J. Biol. Regul. Homeost Agents
De Almeida Alvarenga, Leal, Borges, Silva De Aguiar, Faxén-Irving et al., Curcumin -A Promising Nutritional Strategy for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients, J. Funct. Foods
Ghosh, Gehr, Ghosh, Curcumin and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Major Mode of Action through Stimulating Endogenous Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase, Molecules
Gupta, Patchva, Aggarwal, Therapeutic Roles of Curcumin: Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials, Aaps J
Han, The Effects of Black Pepper on the Intestinal Absorption and Hepatic Metabolism of Drugs, Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol
Hewlings, Kalman, Curcumin: A Review of its Effects on Human Health, Foods
Huang, Wang, Li, Ren, Zhao et al., Clinical Features of Patients Infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China, The Lancet
Keihanian, Saeidinia, Bagheri, Johnston, Sahebkar et al., Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Coagulation, J. Cel Physiol
Kim, Ku, Bae, Anticoagulant Activities of Curcumin and its Derivative, BMB Rep
Leong, The Spice for Hypertension: Protective Role of Curcumin Longa, Biomed. Pharmacol. J
Liu, Ying, The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Virus-Induced Cytokine Storm and its Potential Use in the Associated Severe Pneumonia, Front Cel Dev Biol
Loeber, Buechner, Dissertatio Inauguralis Medica de Curcumin Officinarum Ejusque Genuinis Virtutibus
Matthew, Fadus, Lau, Bikhchandani, Lynch, Curcumin: An age-old anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent, Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine
Maurya, Kumar, Prasad, Bhatt, Saxena, Structure-based Drug Designing for Potential Antiviral Activity of Selected Natural Products from Ayurveda against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and its Cellular Receptor, VirusDis
Nguyen Ninh, Chinn, Ferrante, Kirby, Hohmann et al., Male gender is predictor of higher mortality in hospitalized adult with Covid-19, Plos One
