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c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchIota-carrageenanIota-carragee.. (more..)
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Usefulness of Topical Ivermectin and Carrageenan to Prevent Contagion of Covid 19 (IVERCAR)

Carvallo et al., NCT04425850, NCT04425850, Oct 2020
https://c19early.org/carvalloprep2g.html
Case 96% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk Iota-carrageenan  Carvallo et al.  PROPHYLAXIS Does iota-carrageenan + iota-carrageenan reduce COVID-19 infections? Prospective study of 229 patients in Argentina Fewer cases with treatment (p=0.000063) c19early.org Carvallo et al., NCT04425850, October 2020 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
Prophylaxis study using ivermectin and carrageenan showing 0 of 131 cases from treated healthcare workers, compared to 11 of 98 control.
The effect is likely to be primarily due to ivermectin - the author has later reported that carrageenan is not necessary1.
See2 for discussion of issues with this trial.
Targeted administration to the respiratory tract provides treatment directly to the typical source of initial SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication, and allows for rapid onset of action, higher local drug concentration, and reduced systemic side effects.
This study is excluded in meta analysis: combined treatment may significantly contribute to efficacy, concern about potential data issues.
Study covers iota-carrageenan and ivermectin.
risk of case, 96.3% lower, RR 0.04, p < 0.001, treatment 0 of 131 (0.0%), control 11 of 98 (11.2%), NNT 8.9, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Carvallo et al., 19 Oct 2020, prospective, Argentina, preprint, 1 author, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with iota-carrageenan) - results of individual treatments may vary, trial NCT04425850 (history).
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org November 2025 Argentina Russia Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Vietnam Peru Philippines Brazil Italy France Japan Canada China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago Hong Kong North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia CAR Argentina favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment, andforgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org November 2025 Argentina Russia Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan Canada China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Fiji Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore New Zealand Malawi Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia Syria Argentina favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment,and forgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
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Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 200,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. IMA and WCH provide treatment protocols.
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