Therapeutic prevention of COVID-19 in elderly: a case–control study
Frederic Blanc, Cedric Waechter, Thomas Vogel, Benoit Schorr, Catherine Demuynck, Catherine Martin Hunyadi, Maxence Meyer, Denata Mutelica, Nadjiba Bougaa, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Lidia Calabrese, Elise Schmitt, Delphine Imperiale, Catherine Jehl, Alexandre Boussuge, Carmen Suna, François Weill, Alexia Matzinger, Candice Muller, Patrick Karcher, Georges Kaltenbach, Erik Sauleau
GeroScience, doi:10.1007/s11357-021-00397-z
15 days prior to RT-PCR (including antihypertensive drugs, antipsychotics, antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), oral antidiabetics (OADs), corticosteroids, immunosuppressants), comorbidities, symptoms, laboratory values, and clinical outcome were all collected. COVID-pos patients more frequently had a history of diabetes (P = .016) and alcoholism (P = .023), a lower leukocyte count (P = .014) and a higher mortality rate -29.2% versus 14.4% -(P = .014) when compared to COVID-neg patients. Patients on PPIs were 2.3 times less likely (odds ratio [OR] = 0.4381, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.2331, 0.8175], P = .0053) to develop COVID-19 infection, compared to those not on PPIs. No other treatment decreased or increased this risk. COVID-pos patients on antipsychotics (P = .0013) and OADs (P = .0153), particularly metformin (P = .0237), were less likely to die. Thus, patients on treatment with PPI were less likely to develop COVID-19 infection, and those on antipsychotics or metformin had a lower risk of mortality. However, prospective studies, including clinical trials, are needed to confirm or not these findings.
Author contribution
Data and materials availability After publication, the data will be made available to others on reasonable requests to the corresponding author. A proposal with detailed description of study objectives and statistical analysis plan will be needed for evaluation of the reasonability of requests. Additional materials might also be required during the process of evaluation. Deidentified participant data will be provided after approval from the corresponding author.
Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Ethics committee "Faculté de Médecine de Strasbourg" number CE-2020-68.
Consent for publication Yes.
Conflict of interest The authors declare no competing interests.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s11357-021-00397-z. Publisher's note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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