Further observations on hydrogen peroxide antisepsis and COVID-19 cases among healthcare workers and inpatients
A G B Amoah, K W Sagoe, I A Quakyi, H N G Ayettey Anie, M N B Ayettey-Adamafio, R N A Ayettey Brew, M Newman-Nartey, N O Nartey, K T C Brightson, G Kessie, A S Ayettey, F I D Konotey-Ahulu
Journal of Hospital Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007
Background: The use of prophylactic antisepsis to protect against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been suggested. This study investigated hydrogen peroxide antisepsis (HPA) at two hospitals in Ghana. Methods: Cases of COVID-19 among healthcare workers (HCWs) using hydrogen peroxide (HP-HCWs) or not using hydrogen peroxide (NHP-HCWs), vaccinated or unvaccinated, were recorded at Shai-Osudoku Hospital (SODH), Dodowa, and Mount Olives Hospital (MOH), Techiman, between May 2020 and December 2021. The effect of HPA in all inpatients at MOH was also observed. Permutation tests were used to determine P values. Findings: At SODH, there were 62 (13.5%) cases of COVID-19 among 458 NHP-HCWs but no cases among eight HP-HCWs (P¼0.622) from May to December 2020. Between January and
Conflict of interest statement None declared.
References
Amoah, Quakyi, Sagoe, Ayettey-Anie, Ayettey-Adamafio et al., Re: Oral antiseptics against coronavirus: in-vitro and clinical evidence, J Hosp Infect
Araf, Akter, Tang, Fatemi, Parvez et al., Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: genomics, transmissibility, and responses to current COVID-19 vaccines, J Med Virol
Ausina-Ma ´rquez, Ferrer, Oral antiseptics against coronavirus: in-vitro and clinical evidence, J Hosp Infect
Awandare, SARS-CoV-2 variants in Accra
Ayettey, Quakyi, Sagoe, Ayettey-Adamafio, Newman-Nartey, A case for hydrogen peroxide mouthwash and gargle to limit SARS-CoV-2 infection, BMJ
Banakar, Lankarani, Jafarpour, Moayedi, Banakar et al., COVID-19 transmission risk and protective protocols in dentistry: a systematic review, BMC Oral Health
Burgos-Ramos, Urbieta, Rodrı ´guez D. Is hydrogen peroxide an effective mouthwash for reducing the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in dental clinics?, Saudi Dent J
Caruso, Prete, Lazzarino, Hydrogen peroxide and viral infections: a literature review with research hypothesis definition in relation to the current COVID-19 pandemic, Med Hypoth
Choi, Smith, SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, Yonsei Med J
Kampf, Todt, Pfaender, Steinmann, Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents, J Hosp Infect
Kannan, Syed Ali, Sheeza, Omicron (B.1.1.529) e variant of concern e molecular profile and epidemiology: a mini review, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
Keehner, Horton, Binkin, Laurent, Search Alliance et al., Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a highly vaccinated health system workforce, N Engl J Med
Kluytmans-Van Den Bergh, Buiting, Pas, Bentvelsen, Van Den Bijllaardt et al., SARS-CoV-2 infection in 86 healthcare workers in two Dutch hospitals in March, JAMA Netw Open
Konotey-Ahulu, Quakyi, Sagoe, Ayettey-Adamafio, Newman-Nartey, COVID-19: efficient protection of contacts is simpler than imagined
Maltezou, Dedoukou, Tseroni, Tsonou, Raftopoulos et al., SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare personnel with high-risk occupational exposure: evaluation of 7-day exclusion from work policy, Clin Infect Dis
Mendoza, Mezarina, Ubillu ´s, Bp, Bolı ´var et al., Antiviral effect of mouthwashes against SARS-COV-2: a systematic review, Saudi Dent J
Salari, Khazaie, Hosseinian-Far, Khaledi-Paveh, Kazeminia et al., The prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression within front-line healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and metaregression, Hum Resour Health
Stathis, Victoria, Loomis, Nguyen, Eggers et al., Review of the use of nasal and oral antiseptics during a global pandemic, Future Microbiol
Taylor, Carter, Lehnertz, Kazazian, Sullivan et al., Serial testing for SARS-CoV-2 and virus whole genome sequencing inform infection risk at two skilled nursing facilities with COVID-19 outbreaks e Minnesota, AprileJune, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
Walsh, Safety issues relating to the use of hydrogen peroxide in dentistry, Aust Dent J
Wilkinson, Giovanetti, Tegally, San, Lessells et al., A year of genomic surveillance reveals how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic unfolded in Africa, Science
Worldometer, None
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 8, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-08-01T21:51:23Z', 'timestamp': 1690926683531},
'reference-count': 24,
'publisher': 'Elsevier BV',
'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 8, 1]],
'date-time': '2022-08-01T00:00:00Z',
'timestamp': 1659312000000},
'content-version': 'tdm',
'delay-in-days': 0,
'URL': 'https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/'},
{ 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 14]],
'date-time': '2022-05-14T00:00:00Z',
'timestamp': 1652486400000},
'content-version': 'vor',
'delay-in-days': 0,
'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/'}],
'content-domain': { 'domain': [ 'journalofhospitalinfection.com', 'clinicalkey.fr', 'clinicalkey.jp',
'clinicalkey.es', 'clinicalkey.com.au', 'clinicalkey.com', 'elsevier.com',
'sciencedirect.com'],
'crossmark-restriction': True},
'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2022, 8]]},
'DOI': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007',
'type': 'journal-article',
'created': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 18]], 'date-time': '2022-05-18T01:10:18Z', 'timestamp': 1652836218000},
'page': '103-108',
'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy',
'source': 'Crossref',
'is-referenced-by-count': 1,
'title': 'Further observations on hydrogen peroxide antisepsis and COVID-19 cases among healthcare workers '
'and inpatients',
'prefix': '10.1016',
'volume': '126',
'author': [ {'given': 'A.G.B.', 'family': 'Amoah', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'K.W.', 'family': 'Sagoe', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'I.A.', 'family': 'Quakyi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'H.N.G.', 'family': 'Ayettey Anie', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'M.N.B.', 'family': 'Ayettey-Adamafio', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'R.N.A.', 'family': 'Ayettey Brew', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'M.', 'family': 'Newman-Nartey', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'N.O.', 'family': 'Nartey', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'K.T.C.', 'family': 'Brightson', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'G.', 'family': 'Kessie', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'A.S.', 'family': 'Ayettey', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []},
{'given': 'F.I.D.', 'family': 'Konotey-Ahulu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}],
'member': '78',
'reference': [ { 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib1',
'unstructured': 'Coronavirus Worldometer. Available at: '
'https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ [last accessed February '
'2022].'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib2',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '961',
'DOI': '10.3349/ymj.2021.62.11.961',
'article-title': 'SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern',
'volume': '62',
'author': 'Choi',
'year': '2021',
'journal-title': 'Yonsei Med J'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib3',
'first-page': '8019',
'article-title': 'Omicron (B.1.1.529) – variant of concern – molecular profile and '
'epidemiology: a mini review',
'volume': '25',
'author': 'Kannan',
'year': '2021',
'journal-title': 'Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib4',
'series-title': 'SARS-CoV-2 variants in Accra, Ghana',
'author': 'Awandare',
'year': '2022'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib5',
'article-title': 'SARS-CoV-2 infection in 86 healthcare workers in two Dutch hospitals in '
'March 2020',
'volume': '3',
'author': 'Kluytmans-van den Bergh',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'JAMA Netw Open'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib6',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '3182',
'DOI': '10.1093/cid/ciaa888',
'article-title': 'SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare personnel with high-risk '
'occupational exposure: evaluation of 7-day exclusion from work policy',
'volume': '71',
'author': 'Maltezou',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Clin Infect Dis'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib7',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '1288',
'DOI': '10.15585/mmwr.mm6937a3',
'article-title': 'Serial testing for SARS-CoV-2 and virus whole genome sequencing inform '
'infection risk at two skilled nursing facilities with COVID-19 '
'outbreaks – Minnesota, April–June 2020',
'volume': '69',
'author': 'Taylor',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib8',
'series-title': 'Health workforce requirements for universal health coverage and the '
'sustainable development goals',
'year': '2016'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib9',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '477',
'DOI': '10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e6',
'article-title': 'Characteristics of health care personnel with COVID-19 – United States, '
'February 12–April 9, 2020',
'volume': '69',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib10',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '100',
'DOI': '10.1186/s12960-020-00544-1',
'article-title': 'The prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression within front-line '
'healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients: a systematic review '
'and meta-regression',
'volume': '18',
'author': 'Salari',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Hum Resour Health'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib11',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '1330',
'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMc2112981',
'article-title': 'Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a highly vaccinated health system '
'workforce',
'volume': '385',
'author': 'Keehner',
'year': '2021',
'journal-title': 'N\xa0Engl J Med'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib12',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109910',
'article-title': 'Hydrogen peroxide and viral infections: a literature review with '
'research hypothesis definition in relation to the current COVID-19 '
'pandemic',
'volume': '144',
'author': 'Caruso',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'Med Hypoth'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib13',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '30',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.04.004',
'article-title': 'Oral antiseptics against coronavirus: in-vitro and clinical evidence',
'volume': '113',
'author': 'Mateos-Moreno',
'year': '2021',
'journal-title': 'J\xa0Hosp Infect'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib14',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '167',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.01.006',
'article-title': 'Antiviral effect of mouthwashes against SARS-COV-2: a systematic review',
'volume': '34',
'author': 'Mendoza Jpi',
'year': '2022',
'journal-title': 'Saudi Dent J'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib15',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '119',
'DOI': '10.2217/fmb-2020-0286',
'article-title': 'Review of the use of nasal and oral antiseptics during a global '
'pandemic',
'volume': '16',
'author': 'Stathis',
'year': '2021',
'journal-title': 'Future Microbiol'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib16',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '108',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.jhin.2021.08.024',
'article-title': 'Re: Oral antiseptics against coronavirus: in-vitro and clinical '
'evidence',
'volume': '118',
'author': 'Amoah',
'year': '2021',
'journal-title': 'J\xa0Hosp Infect'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib17',
'first-page': '368',
'article-title': 'A\xa0case for hydrogen peroxide mouthwash and gargle to limit '
'SARS-CoV-2 infection',
'author': 'Ayettey',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'BMJ'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib18',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '275',
'DOI': '10.1186/s12903-020-01270-9',
'article-title': 'COVID-19 transmission risk and protective protocols in dentistry: a '
'systematic review',
'volume': '20',
'author': 'Banakar',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'BMC Oral Health'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib19',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '1825',
'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.27588',
'article-title': 'Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: genomics, transmissibility, and '
'responses to current COVID-19 vaccines',
'volume': '94',
'author': 'Araf',
'year': '2022',
'journal-title': 'J\xa0Med Virol'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib20',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '423',
'DOI': '10.1126/science.abj4336',
'article-title': 'A\xa0year of genomic surveillance reveals how the SARS-CoV-2\xa0'
'pandemic unfolded in Africa',
'volume': '374',
'author': 'Wilkinson',
'year': '2021',
'journal-title': 'Science'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib21',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '257',
'DOI': '10.1111/j.1834-7819.2000.tb00261.x',
'article-title': 'Safety issues relating to the use of hydrogen peroxide in dentistry',
'volume': '45',
'author': 'Walsh',
'year': '2000',
'journal-title': 'Aust Dent J'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib22',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '246',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.022',
'article-title': 'Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their '
'inactivation with biocidal agents',
'volume': '104',
'author': 'Kampf',
'year': '2020',
'journal-title': 'J\xa0Hosp Infect'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib23',
'series-title': 'COVID-19: efficient protection of contacts is simpler than imagined',
'author': 'Konotey-Ahulu',
'year': '2020'},
{ 'key': '10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007_bib24',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'first-page': '237',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.01.005',
'article-title': 'Is hydrogen peroxide an effective mouthwash for reducing the viral load '
'of SARS-CoV-2 in dental clinics?',
'volume': '34',
'author': 'Burgos-Ramos',
'year': '2022',
'journal-title': 'Saudi Dent J'}],
'container-title': 'Journal of Hospital Infection',
'original-title': [],
'language': 'en',
'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0195670122001499?httpAccept=text/xml',
'content-type': 'text/xml',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'text-mining'},
{ 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0195670122001499?httpAccept=text/plain',
'content-type': 'text/plain',
'content-version': 'vor',
'intended-application': 'text-mining'}],
'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 12, 26]],
'date-time': '2022-12-26T13:11:01Z',
'timestamp': 1672060261000},
'score': 1,
'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0195670122001499'}},
'subtitle': [],
'short-title': [],
'issued': {'date-parts': [[2022, 8]]},
'references-count': 24,
'alternative-id': ['S0195670122001499'],
'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007',
'relation': {},
'ISSN': ['0195-6701'],
'subject': ['Infectious Diseases', 'Microbiology (medical)', 'General Medicine'],
'container-title-short': 'Journal of Hospital Infection',
'published': {'date-parts': [[2022, 8]]},
'assertion': [ {'value': 'Elsevier', 'name': 'publisher', 'label': 'This article is maintained by'},
{ 'value': 'Further observations on hydrogen peroxide antisepsis and COVID-19 cases among '
'healthcare workers and inpatients',
'name': 'articletitle',
'label': 'Article Title'},
{'value': 'Journal of Hospital Infection', 'name': 'journaltitle', 'label': 'Journal Title'},
{ 'value': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2022.05.007',
'name': 'articlelink',
'label': 'CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version'},
{'value': 'article', 'name': 'content_type', 'label': 'Content Type'},
{ 'value': '© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Healthcare '
'Infection Society.',
'name': 'copyright',
'label': 'Copyright'}]}