Impact of Rapid Correction of Vitamin D Deficiency on Patients with COVID-19 Disease: A Randomized-Controlled Trial

Abdelhai et al., The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, doi:10.21608/EJHM.2024.368093, Jul 2024
Mortality 83% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk Hospitalization time 45% Viral clearance 74% Vitamin D  Abdelhai et al.  LATE TREATMENT RCT Is late treatment with vitamin D beneficial for COVID-19? RCT 250 patients in Egypt Lower mortality (p<0.0001) and shorter hospitalization (p<0.0001) c19early.org Abdelhai et al., The Egyptian J. Hospi.., Jul 2024 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
Vitamin D for COVID-19
8th treatment shown to reduce risk in October 2020, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 126 studies, recognized in 18 countries.
Lower risk for mortality, ICU, hospitalization, progression, recovery, cases, and viral clearance.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
6,300+ studies for 210+ treatments. c19early.org
Meta Analysis
RCT 250 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing significant clinical improvement with high-dose intramuscular vitamin D3 treatment. Patients receiving 200,000 IU cholecalciferol daily for 4 days had increased vitamin D levels, reduced inflammatory markers, higher oxygen saturation, shorter hospital stays, lower mortality, and improved viral clearance compared to controls receiving 10,000 IU oral vitamin D daily.
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risk of death, 82.9% lower, RR 0.17, p < 0.001, treatment 8 of 170 (4.7%), control 22 of 80 (27.5%), NNT 4.4.
hospitalization time, 44.9% lower, relative time 0.55, p < 0.001, treatment mean 8.81 (±2.98) n=170, control mean 16.0 (±5.42) n=80.
risk of no viral clearance, 74.3% lower, RR 0.26, p < 0.001, treatment 35 of 170 (20.6%), control 64 of 80 (80.0%), NNT 1.7.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Abdelhai et al., 15 Jul 2024, Randomized Controlled Trial, Egypt, peer-reviewed, 5 authors.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org December 2025 Egypt United Kingdom Russia USA Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Pakistan Argentina Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago Hong Kong North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia Egypt favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was high.Low-cost treatments improve early treatment, andprovide complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org December 2025 Egypt United Kingdom Russia USA Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Pakistan Argentina Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore New Zealand Malawi Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia Egypt favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy was high.Low-cost protocols improve early treatment,and add complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Impact of Rapid Correction of Vitamin D Deficiency on Patients with COVID-19 Disease: A Randomized-Controlled Trial
Ayman Ramadan Abdelhai, Amir Abd-Elhameed, Ahmed Barakat, Marwa M Esawy, May M Sami, Ahmed Ibrahim Gad
Background: Although antiviral properties of vitamin D are recognized, the influence of parental Vit D supplementation on COVID-19 disease has not been determined. Objective: The aim of study was to evaluate impact of prompt treatment of Vit D deficiency on COVID-19 patients. Patients and Methods: A randomized controlled experiment was carried out on 250 COVID-19 patients. Patients were categorized into two cohorts: one cohort received daily intramuscular injection of 200,000 IU cholecalciferol for four consecutive days, while other cohort received daily oral dose of 10,000 IU cholecalciferol. The latter group functioned as control group. Before and after therapy, serum 25(OH)D level, inflammatory markers and electrolytes were measured, besides, clinical follow-up. Results: In Vit D group, the 25(OH)D levels considerably increased after 7 days compared to initial levels (32.48 ±9.64 Vs 13.77 ±6.51 ng/mL, respectively). All Vit D deficient patients have transitioned to sufficient status. Levels of markers (ESR 50.99±17.56 mm/hr, CRP 30.75 ±24 mg/L, and ferritin 392.05 ±139.17 ng/mL) decreased after seven days (29.74±8.97 mm/hr, 10.52 ±13 mg/L, and 94.59 ±27.14 ng/mL, respectively). A substantial clinical improvement occurred in Vit D group compared to their initial condition. Also Vit D deficiency was found to significantly increase risk of COVID-19 mortality by factor of 15.375 [AOR = 15.375, 95% CI: 1.898-124.52, p=0.01]. Conclusion: A daily intramuscular injection of 200,000 IU cholecalciferol for four consecutive days has been proven to significantly enhance clinico-labarotaory parameters in COVID-19 patients. Considering higher Vit D supplementation as a potential treatment for COVID-19 is a viable option.
References
Amrein, Sourij, Wagner, Short-term effects of high-dose oral vitamin D3 in critically ill vitamin D deficient patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled pilot study, Crit Care
Jakovac, COVID-19 and vitamin D-Is there a link and an opportunity for intervention?, Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
Kearns, Alvarez, Tangpricha, Large, single-dose, oral vitamin D supplementation in adult populations: a systematic review, Endocr Pract
Maghbooli, Sahraian, Ebrahimi, Vitamin D sufficiency, a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at least 30 ng/mL reduced risk for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection, PLoS One
Rastogi, Bhansali, Khare, Short term, high-dose vitamin D supplementation for COVID-19 disease: a randomised, placebo-controlled, study (SHADE study), Postgrad Med J
Tellioglu, Basaran, Guzel, Efficacy and safety of high dose intramuscular or oral cholecalciferol in vitamin D deficient/insufficient elderly, Maturitas
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Zdrenghea, Makrinioti, Bagacean, Vitamin D modulation of innate immune responses to respiratory viral infections, Rev Med Virol
Late treatment
is less effective
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