Comparison of Length of Hospital Stay and Routine Laboratory Parameters in Covid-19 Patients With and Without Serum Vitamin D Deficiency
Ayşe Umay, Birsen Aydin, Şirin Çetin, Selçuk Sezikli
Journal of Contemporary Medicine, doi:10.16899/jcm.1319088
Although some recent studies have shown that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) may be effective on the course of COVID-19 disease, the results obtained are still controversial. Therefore, in this study, it was aimed to examine whether there are differences in terms of age, gender, length of hospital stay, biochemical and hematological parameters between those with and without serum 25(OH)D deficiency in COVID-19 patients. Material and Method: The data of 413 patients hospitalized in Ankara Pursaklar State Hospital whose COVID-19 positivity was revealed by PCR test were evaluated retrospectively. Those with less than serum 25(OH)D (<20 ng/mL) were considered as vitamin D deficient group. Results: It was observed that there was a significant difference between the groups with and without serum 25(OH)D deficiency in terms of biochemical parameters total bilirubin (p=0.007), potassium (<0.05) and glucose (p=0.038) values. CRP (p=0.051) and fibrinogen (p=0.048) values, which are factors of inflammation and coagulation, were found to be significantly higher in the group with 25(OH)D deficiency. Similarly, hematocrit (p<0.05) and neutrophil count (p<0.001), which are hematological parameters, increased significantly in patients with 25(OH)D deficiency. There were no differences in age, gender and length of hospital stay between the groups with and without 25(OH)D deficiency. Conclusion: Our findings showed that 25(OH)D deficiency in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was associated with some biochemical, hematological and inflammatory factors, but not with age, gender and length of hospital stay.
References
Alipio, Vitamin D Supplementation Could Possibly Improve Clinical Outcomes of Patients Infected with Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-2019), SSRN Electronic Journal,
doi:10.2139/ssrn.3571484Almehmadi, Turjoman, El-Askary, Association of vitamin D deficiency with clinical presentation of COVID-19, Eur J Inflam
Alpdemir, Alpdemir, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Balikesir State Hospital, MiVitamin D deficiency status in Turkey: A meta-analysis, Int J Med Biochem
Ampuero, Sánchez, García-Lozano, Miles, Gómez, Impact of liver injury on the severity of COVID-19: a systematic review with meta-analysis, Rev Esp Enferm Dig
Bao, Li, Zhang, Kang, Chen et al., Comparative analysis of laboratory indexes of severe and non-severe patients infected with COVID-19, Clin Chim Acta
Bayramoğlu, Akkoç, Ağbaş, The association between vitamin D levels and the clinical severity and inflammation markers in pediatric COVID-19 patients: single-center experience from a pandemic hospital, Eur J Pediatr
Bonetti, Manelli, Patroni, Laboratory predictors of death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the area of Valcamonica, Italy, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
Boucher, Why do so many trials of vitamin D supplementation fail?, Endocr Connect
Bulbul, Uddin, Islam, Hematological and inflammatory parameters in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection in Chattogram, Bangladesh. J Res Pharm
Cavezzi, Troiani, Corrao, COVID-19: hemoglobin, iron, and hypoxia beyond inflammation. A narrative review, Clin Pract
Chen, Mei, Xie, Low vitamin D levels do not aggravate COVID-19 risk or death, and vitamin D supplementation does not improve outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis and GRADE assessment of cohort studies and RCTs, Nutr J
Coppelli, Giannarelli, Aragona, Hyperglycemia at Hospital Admission Is Associated With Severity of the Prognosis in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: The Pisa COVID-19 Study, Diabetes Care
Daneshkhah, Agrawal, Eshein, Subramanian, Roy et al., Evidence for possible association of vitamin D status with cytokine storm and unregulated inflammation in COVID-19 patients, Aging Clin Exp Res
Demir, Demir, Aygun, Vitamin D deficiency is associated with COVID-19 positivity and severity of the disease, J Med Virol
Di Filippo, Allora, Doga, Vitamin D Levels Are Associated With Blood Glucose and BMI in COVID-19 Patients, Predicting Disease Severity, J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Hastie, Pell, Sattar, Vitamin D and COVID-19 infection and mortality in UK Biobank, Eur J Nutr
Henry, De Oliveira, Benoit, Plebani, Lippi, Hematologic, biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis, Clin Chem Lab Med
Hernández, Nan, Fernandez-Ayala, Vitamin D Status in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection, J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Ilie, Stefanescu, Smith, The role of vitamin D in the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 infection and mortality, Aging Clin Exp Res
Liao, Zhou, Luo, Haematological characteristics and risk factors in the classification and prognosis evaluation of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study, Lancet Haematol
Mardani, Vasmehjani, Zali, Laboratory Parameters in Detection of COVID-19 Patients with Positive RT-PCR; a Diagnostic Accuracy Study, Arch Acad Emerg Med
Nabatchian, Ashtiani, Davoudi, Teimourpour, Davoudi, A Multivariate Analysis Model of Changes in Some Laboratory Parameters in Response to COVID-19, Diabetes, Gender, and Age. Clin Lab,
doi:10.7754/Clin.Lab.2021.210106Noori, Nejadghaderi, Sullman, A Review on the Possible Pathophysiology of Potassium Abnormalities in COVID-19, Iran J Kidney Dis
Palacios, Gonzalez, Is vitamin D deficiency a major global public health problem?, J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol
Pimentel, Vega, Pichard, Low vitamin D levels and increased neutrophil in patients admitted at ICU with COVID-19, Clin Nutr ESPEN
Przekop, Gruszewska, Chrostek, Liver function in COVID-19 infection, World J Hepatol
Raharusun, Patterns of COVID-19 mortality and vitamin D: an Indonesian study
Reis, Fernandes, Sales, Influence of vitamin D status on hospital length of stay and prognosis in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: a multicenter prospective cohort study, Am J Clin Nutr
Szeto, Zucker, Lasota, Vitamin D Status and COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients, Endocr Res
Tang, Li, Wang, Sun, Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, J Thromb Haemost
Thomas, Stefanoni, Dzieciatkowska, Evidence of Structural Protein Damage and Membrane Lipid Remodeling in Red Blood Cells from COVID-19 Patients, J Proteome Res
Thompson, Bohn, Mancini, IFCC Interim Guidelines on Biochemical/Hematological Monitoring of COVID-19 Patients, Clin Chem Lab Med
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 8, 6]], 'date-time': '2023-08-06T04:11:39Z', 'timestamp': 1691295099150},
'reference-count': 32,
'publisher': 'Cagdas Tip Dergisi: Journal of Contemporary Medicine',
'issue': '4',
'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False},
'accepted': {'date-parts': [[2023, 7, 10]]},
'abstract': '<jats:p xml:lang="en">Amaç :Although some recent studies have shown that serum '
'25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) may be effective on the course of Covid-19 disease, the results '
'obtained are still controversial. Therefore, in this study, it was aimed to examine whether '
'there are differences in terms of age, gender, length of hospital stay, biochemical and '
'hematological parameters between those with and without serum 25(OH)D deficiency in Covid-19 '
'patients.
\n'
'Gereç ve Yöntem: The data of 413 patients hospitalized in Ankara Pursaklar State Hospital '
'whose covid-19 positivity was revealed by PCR test were evaluated retrospectively. Those with '
'less than serum 25(OH)D (</jats:p>',
'DOI': '10.16899/jcm.1319088',
'type': 'journal-article',
'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 7, 31]], 'date-time': '2023-07-31T20:05:55Z', 'timestamp': 1690833955000},
'page': '573-579',
'source': 'Crossref',
'is-referenced-by-count': 0,
'title': 'Comparison of Length of Hospital Stay and Routine Laboratory Parameters in Covid-19 Patients '
'With and Without Serum Vitamin D Deficiency',
'prefix': '10.16899',
'volume': '13',
'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2341-9969',
'authenticated-orcid': True,
'given': 'Ayşe',
'family': 'UMAY',
'sequence': 'first',
'affiliation': [{'name': 'AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ'}]},
{ 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-9365',
'authenticated-orcid': True,
'given': 'Birsen',
'family': 'AYDIN',
'sequence': 'additional',
'affiliation': [{'name': 'AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ'}]},
{ 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9878-2554',
'authenticated-orcid': True,
'given': 'Şirin',
'family': 'ÇETİN',
'sequence': 'additional',
'affiliation': [{'name': 'AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ'}]},
{ 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9085-8363',
'authenticated-orcid': True,
'given': 'Selçuk',
'family': 'SEZİKLİ',
'sequence': 'additional',
'affiliation': [{'name': 'AMASYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ'}]}],
'member': '6593',
'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 7, 31]]},
'reference': [ { 'key': 'ref1',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '1.Thompson S, Bohn MK, Mancini N, et al. IFCC ınterim guidelines on '
'biochemical/hematological monitoring of COVID‐19 patients. Clin Chem Lab '
'Med. 2020;58(12):2009–16.',
'DOI': '10.1515/cclm-2020-1414'},
{ 'key': 'ref2',
'unstructured': '2.Mardani R, Ahmadi Vasmehjani A, Zali F, et al. Laboratory parameters '
'in detection of COVID-19 patients with positive RT-PCR; a diagnostic '
'accuracy study. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2020;8(1):e43'},
{ 'key': 'ref3',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '3.Bonetti, G; Manelli, F; (...); Lippi, G Laboratory predictors of death '
'from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the area of Valcamonica, '
'Italy. Clınıcal Chemıstry And Laboratory Medıcıne. 2020; 58 (7) , '
'pp.1100-1105',
'DOI': '10.1515/cclm-2020-0459'},
{ 'key': 'ref4',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '4.Liao D, Zhou F, Luo L, et al. Haematological characteristics and risk '
'factors in the classification and prognosis evaluation of COVID-19: a '
'retrospective cohort study. Lancet Haematol 2020;7(9):E671e8.',
'DOI': '10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30217-9'},
{ 'key': 'ref5',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '5.Ampuero, J; Sanchez, Y; Romero-Gomez, M et al. Impact of liver injury '
'on the severity of COVID-19: a systematic review with meta-analysis. '
'Revısta Espanola De Enfermedades Dıgestıvas.2021; 113 (2) , pp.125-135',
'DOI': '10.17235/reed.2020.7397/2020'},
{ 'key': 'ref6',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '6.Palacios C and Gonzalez L. Is vitamin D deficiency a majör global '
'public health problem? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 144: 138–145.',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.11.003'},
{ 'key': 'ref7',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '7.Alpdemir,M. and Alpdemir, MF. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, '
'Balikesir State Hospital, MiVitamin D deficiency status in Turkey: A '
'meta-analysis Int J Med Biochem 2019;2(3):118-31.',
'DOI': '10.14744/ijmb.2019.04127'},
{ 'key': 'ref8',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '8.Reis, Bruna Z.; Fernandes, Alan L.; Sales, Lucas P.; et al. Influence '
'of vitamin D status on hospital length of stay and prognosis in '
'hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: a multicenter '
'prospective cohort study. 2021;114(2):598-604.',
'DOI': '10.1093/ajcn/nqab227'},
{ 'key': 'ref9',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '9.Daneshkhah A, Agrawal V, Eshein A, Subramanian H, Roy HK,Backman V. '
'Evidence for possible association of vitamin D statuswith cytokine storm '
'and unregulated inflammation in COVID‐19patients.Aging Clinical and Exp '
'Res. 2020;32(10):2141‐2158',
'DOI': '10.1007/s40520-020-01677-y'},
{ 'key': 'ref10',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '10.Almehmadi, Mazen; Turjoman, Abdullah; El-Askary, Ahmad; et al. '
'Association of vitamin D deficiency with clinical presentation of '
'COVID-19. European Journal Of Inflammatıon. Article Number: '
'20587392211038315 2021(19):1-10.',
'DOI': '10.1177/20587392211038315'},
{ 'key': 'ref11',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '11.Ali N. Role of vitamin D in preventing of COVID-19 infection, '
'progression and severity. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13:1373–80.',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.jiph.2020.06.021'},
{ 'key': 'ref12',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '12.Ilie PC, Stefanescu S and Smith L. The role of vitamin D in the '
'prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 infection and mortality. Aging '
'Clin Exp Res 2020; 32(7): 1195–1198.',
'DOI': '10.1007/s40520-020-01570-8'},
{ 'key': 'ref13',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '13.Alipio M (2020) Vitamin D supplementation could possibly improve '
'clinical outcomes of patients infected with coronavirus-(COVID-19). '
'2019 Available at 3571484.',
'DOI': '10.2139/ssrn.3571484'},
{ 'key': 'ref14',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '14.Raharusun P (2020) Patterns of COVID-19 mortality and vitamin \tD: an '
'Indonesian study. Available at SSRN 3585561.',
'DOI': '10.2139/ssrn.3585561'},
{ 'key': 'ref15',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '15. Chen, J., Mei, K., Xie, L., Yuan, P., Ma, J., Yu, P., Zhu, W., '
'Zheng, C., & Liu, X. Low vitamin D levels do not aggravate COVID-19 '
'risk or death, and vitamin D supplementation does not improve outcomes '
'in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis and GRADE '
'assessment of cohort studies and RCTs. Nutrition Journal, 2021: 20(1), '
'89.',
'DOI': '10.1186/s12937-021-00744-y'},
{ 'key': 'ref16',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '16. Hastie, C. E., Pell, J. P., & Sattar, N. Vitamin D and COVID-19 '
'infection and mortality in UK Biobank. European Journal Of Nutrition. '
'2021: 60(1), 545–548.',
'DOI': '10.1007/s00394-020-02372-4'},
{ 'key': 'ref17',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '17.Nabatchian, F., Ashtiani, M., Davoudi, M., Teimourpour, A., & '
'Davoudi, N. (2021). A Multivariate Analysis Model of Changes in Some '
'Laboratory Parameters in Response to COVID-19, Diabetes, Gender, and '
'Age. Clinical Laboratory, 67(8), 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2021.210106.',
'DOI': '10.7754/Clin.Lab.2021.210106'},
{ 'key': 'ref18',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '18.Szeto, B; Zucker, JE; Cohen, AVitamin D Status and COVID-19 Clinical '
'Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients. Endocrıne Research 2021-46 (2) '
':66-73.',
'DOI': '10.1080/07435800.2020.1867162'},
{ 'key': 'ref19',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '19.Demir, Mustafa; Demir, Fadime; Aygun, Hatice. Vitamin D deficiency is '
'associated with COVID-19 positivity and severity of the disease. Journal '
'Of Medıcal Vırology. \u200f 2021 (93): 2992-2999',
'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.26832'},
{ 'key': 'ref20',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '20.Hernandez JL, Nan D, Fernandez-Ayala M, Garcia-Unzueta M, '
'Hernandez-Hernandez MA, Lopez-Hoyos M, et al. Vitamin D status in '
'hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Clin Endocrinol '
'Metab. 2021;106(3):e1343 e135.',
'DOI': '10.1210/clinem/dgaa733'},
{ 'key': 'ref21',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '21.Henry BM, de Oliveira MHS, Benoit S, Plebani M, Lippi G. Hematologic, '
'biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe '
'illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): a '
'meta‐analysis. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;58(7):1021–8.',
'DOI': '10.1515/cclm-2020-0369'},
{ 'key': 'ref22',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '22.Ali, N and Hossain, K . Liver injury in severe COVID-19 infection: '
'current insights and challenges. Expert Revıew Of Gastroenterology & '
'Hepatology.2020- 14 (10) , pp.879-884.',
'DOI': '10.1080/17474124.2020.1794812'},
{ 'key': 'ref23',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '23.Bao J et al (2020) Comparative analysis of laboratory indexes of '
'severe and non-severe patients infected with COVID-19. Clin Chim Acta '
'509:180–194.',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.cca.2020.06.009'},
{ 'key': 'ref24',
'unstructured': '24.Noori, M; Nejadghaderi, SA; Safiri, SA Review on the Possible '
'Pathophysiology of Potassium Abnormalities in COVID-19 Nov 2021 | '
'Iranıan Journal Of Kıdney Dıseases. 2021-15 (6) :.397-407.'},
{ 'key': 'ref25',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '25.Boucher, B.J., 2020. Why do so many trials of vitamin D '
'supplementation fail? Endocr. Connect. 9 (9), R195–R206. '
'https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0274.',
'DOI': '10.1530/EC-20-0274'},
{ 'key': 'ref26',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '26.di Filippo, L; Allora, A; Giustina, AVitamin D Levels Are Associated '
'With Blood Glucose and BMI in COVID-19 Patients, Predicting Disease '
'Severity. Jan 1 2022 | Journal Of Clınıcal Endocrınology & Metabolısm '
'107 (1) , pp.E348-E360.',
'DOI': '10.1210/clinem/dgab599'},
{ 'key': 'ref27',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '27.Coppelli A, Giannarelli R, Aragona M, et al; Pisa COVID-19 '
'Study Group. Hyperglycemia at hospital admission is asso-ciated '
'with severity of the prognosis in patients hospitalized for '
'COVID-19: the Pisa COVID-19 Study. Diabetes Care. '
'.2020;43(10):2345-2348.',
'DOI': '10.2337/dc20-1380'},
{ 'key': 'ref28',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '28.Bayramoglu, E; Akkoc, G; Elevli, M. The association between vitamin D '
'levels and the clinical severity and inflammation markers in pediatric '
'COVID-19 patients: single-center experience from a pandemic hospital. '
'European Journal Of Pedıatrıcs. 2021- 180 (8) , pp.2699-2705.',
'DOI': '10.1007/s00431-021-04030-1'},
{ 'key': 'ref29',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '29.Bulbul MRH, Uddin MG, Faiyaz KI, Islam MR, Alam MA, Ahmed S, Hossain '
'MZ, Lokman M, Islam MS. Hematological and inflammatory parameters in '
'hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection in Chattogram, Bangladesh. '
'J Res Pharm. 2021; 25(6): 857-865.',
'DOI': '10.29228/jrp.81'},
{ 'key': 'ref30',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '30.Pimentel, Gustavo D.; Dela Vega, Maria C. M.; Pichard, Claude. Low '
'vitamin D levels and increased neutrophil in patients admitted at ICU '
'with COVID-19. Clınıcal Nutrıtıon Espen.2021;(44):466-468.\r\n'
' \r\n'
'31. Thomas, T., Stefanoni, D., Dzieciatkowska, M.et al. Evidence of '
'Structural Protein Damage and Membrane Lipid Remodeling in Red Blood '
'Cells from COVID-19 Patients. Journal of proteome research. 2020;19(11), '
'4455–4469.',
'DOI': '10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.05.021'},
{ 'key': 'ref31',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '32.Cavezzi A, Troiani E, Corrao S. COVID-19: hemoglobin, iron, and '
'hypoxia beyond inflammation. A narrative review. Clin Pract '
'2020;10(2):1271.',
'DOI': '10.4081/cp.2020.1271'},
{ 'key': 'ref32',
'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref',
'unstructured': '33.Tang N, Li D, et al., Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated '
'with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. '
'Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2020; 18(4), 844-847.',
'DOI': '10.1111/jth.14768'}],
'container-title': 'Journal of Contemporary Medicine',
'original-title': [],
'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 8, 6]],
'date-time': '2023-08-06T03:41:03Z',
'timestamp': 1691293263000},
'score': 1,
'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'http://dergipark.org.tr/en/doi/10.16899/jcm.1319088'}},
'subtitle': [],
'short-title': [],
'issued': {'date-parts': [[2023, 7, 31]]},
'references-count': 32,
'journal-issue': {'issue': '4', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 7, 31]]}},
'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1319088',
'relation': {},
'ISSN': ['2667-7180'],
'subject': ['General Medicine'],
'published': {'date-parts': [[2023, 7, 31]]}}
