Summary of COVID-19 hydrogen peroxide studies
40 patient hydrogen peroxide late treatment RCT: 46% lower need for oxygen therapy (p<0.0001), 36% faster recovery (p<0.0001), and 45% faster viral clearance (p<0.0001).
RCT 40 patients in India, showing improved recovery with nebulized hydrogen peroxide.
Apr 2022, J. South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, https://www.jsafog.com/doi/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1986, https://c19p.org/agrawal
2. Di Domênico et al., Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide as auxiliary treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Brazil: preliminary results of a randomized double-blind clinical trial
40 patient hydrogen peroxide late treatment RCT: 50% lower ICU admission (p=1), 6% greater improvement (p=0.91), and 7% higher hospital discharge (p=0.61).RCT very late treatment (>10 days from onset) comparing hydrogen peroxide + mint essence with water + mint essence, showing no significant differences.
Apr 2021, Epidemiology and Health, http://e-epih.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.4178/epih.e2021032, https://c19p.org/didomenico
92 patient hydrogen peroxide early treatment RCT: 86% lower mortality (p=0.24), 86% lower ventilation (p=0.24), and 18% improved viral clearance (p=0.16).
RCT for mouthwash containing hydrogen peroxide 2% and chlorhexidine gluconate, showing higher discharge, shorter hospital stay, less intubation, and lower mortality with treatment.
Nov 2020, medRxiv, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.27.20234997v2, https://c19p.org/mukhtar
4. Gansky et al., Antiseptic Mouthwash / Pre-Procedural Rinse on SARS-CoV-2 Load (COVID-19) (AMPoL)
54 patient hydrogen peroxide early treatment RCT: 67% improved recovery (p=1).Early terminated RCT with very limited information reported in the registry and only one patient showing symptoms. There is not enough information to assess the viral load results in the registry - the protocol indicates right-censoring for patients with undetectable viral load which may be the majority of patients at 4 weeks.
Nov 2023, NCT04409873, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04409873, https://c19p.org/gansky
5. Di Domênico et al., Hydrogen peroxide as an auxiliary treatment for COVID-19 in Brazil: a randomized double-blind clinical trial
128 patient hydrogen peroxide late treatment RCT: 34% lower ICU admission (p=1), 1% worse recovery (p=0.97), and 31% lower long COVID (p=0.54).RCT very late treatment (>9 days from onset) comparing hydrogen peroxide + mint essence with water + mint essence, showing no significant differences.
Aug 2021, Epidemiology and Health, http://e-epih.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.4178/epih.e2021051, https://c19p.org/didomenico2
6. Amoah et al., Further observations on hydrogen peroxide antisepsis and COVID-19 cases among healthcare workers and inpatients
466 patient hydrogen peroxide prophylaxis study: 93% fewer cases (p=0.06).Retrospective 458 healthcare workers in Ghana, showing lower COVID-19 cases with hydrogen peroxide prophylaxis (oral and nasal rinse), without statistical significance.
Aug 2022, J. Hospital Infection, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670122001499, https://c19p.org/amoah
7. Jayaraman et al., Povidone iodine, hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine mouthwashes reduce SARS-CoV2 burden in whole mouth fluid and respiratory droplets
12 patient hydrogen peroxide early treatment study: 50% improved viral clearance (p=0.18).Study of SARS-CoV-2 burden in whole mouth fluid and respiratory droplets with povidone iodine, hydrogen peroxide, and chlorhexidine mouthwashes in 36 hospitalized COVID-19 patients using PCR and rapid antigen testing. There were significant reductions in SARS-CoV-2 burden with all treatments in both respiratory droplets and whole mouth fluid. . Authors perform antigen testing for 6 hydrogen peroxide patients, showing that 50% became negative after treatment.
Feb 2021, medRxiv, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.25.21252488v1, https://c19p.org/jayaramanhp
8. Pablo-Marcos et al., Utility of mouth rinses with povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide in patients with COVID-19
71 patient hydrogen peroxide early treatment study: 12% improved viral clearance (p=0.67).Small prospective study with 31 patients gargling povidone-iodine, 17 hydrogen peroxide, and 40 control patients, showing lower viral load mid-recovery with povidone-iodine, without reaching statistical significance. Oropharyngeal only, and only every 8 hours for two days. Results may be better with the addition of nasopharyngeal use, more frequent use, and without the two day limit. Authors report only one of the 7 previous trials for PVP-I and COVID-19. Non-randomized study with no adjustments or group details. Some results in Figure 1 appear to be switched compared to the text and the labels in the figure. The viral clearance figures do not match the group sizes - for example authors report 62% PCR- for PVP-I at the 3rd test, however there is no number of 31 patients that rounds to 62%.
Oct 2021, Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213005X21002950, https://c19p.org/pablomarcoshp