Summary of COVID-19 vitamin B12 studies


1. Jang et al., Clinical course of COVID-19 patients treated with ECMO: A multicenter study in Daegu, South Korea
19 patient vitamin B12 late treatment study: 78% improved recovery (p=0.04).
Retrospective 19 COVID-19 ECMO patients in South Korea, showing a higher rate of weaning from ECMO with vitamin B12 treatment, without statistical significance. Authors perform multivariate analysis but do not provide full results, only reporting p > 0.05.
Dec 2020, Heart & Lung, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147956320304027, https://c19p.org/jang2b12

2. Bejan et al., DrugWAS: Drug‐wide Association Studies for COVID‐19 Drug Repurposing
9,748 patient vitamin B12 prophylaxis study: 34% lower mortality (p=0.3), 35% lower ventilation (p=0.26), 16% lower ICU admission (p=0.61), and 10% lower hospitalization (p=0.6).
Retrospective 9,748 COVID-19 patients in the USA showing lower risk with vitamin B12 use, without statistical significance.
Feb 2021, Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cpt.2376, https://c19p.org/bejan

3. Erfani et al., Vitamin B12 effectiveness in the management of hospitalized COVID‐19 and its clinical outcomes and complications: A randomized clinical trial
34 patient vitamin B12 late treatment RCT: 75% lower ICU admission (p=0.34) and 1% longer hospitalization (p=0.97).
Small RCT 34 hospitalized patients in Iran showing improved imflammatory markers and lower ICU admission with vitamin B12 treatment, without statistical significance. There was no mortality.
Sep 2023, Health Science Reports, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hsr2.1509, https://c19p.org/erfani

4. Nimer et al., The impact of vitamin and mineral supplements usage prior to COVID-19 infection on disease severity and hospitalization
2,148 patient vitamin B12 prophylaxis study: 24% lower hospitalization (p=0.15) and 27% lower severe cases (p=0.06).
Retrospective 2,148 COVID-19 recovered patients in Jordan, showing lower risk of severity and hospitalization with vitamin B12 prophylaxis, without statistical significance.
Feb 2022, Bosnian J. Basic Medical Sciences, https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/7009, https://c19p.org/nimerb12