Lower levels of vitamin D are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in the Indian population: An observational study
Padhi et al.,
Lower levels of vitamin D are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in the Indian population: An..,
International Immunopharmacology, doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107001
Analysis of vitamin D levels and COVID-19 in Indian states and union territories, showing an inverse correlation of vitamin D levels with SARS-CoV-2 cases and mortality.
Padhi et al., 14 Sep 2021, peer-reviewed, 5 authors.
Abstract: International Immunopharmacology 88 (2020) 107001
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International Immunopharmacology
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/intimp
Lower levels of vitamin D are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and
mortality in the Indian population: An observational study
T
Sunali Padhi1, Subham Suvankar1, Venketesh K. Panda, Abhijit Pati, Aditya K. Panda
⁎
Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Khallikote University, Transit Campus: GMax Building, Konisi, Berhampur, Odisha 761008, India
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Keywords:
Vitamin D
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Indian population
Infection
Mortality
Background: The role of vitamin D in the susceptibility and severity of various viral diseases has been well
documented. Recently, some reports highlighted the possible importance of vitamin D in severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although India receives adequate sunlight throughout the year, the
majority of Indians are deficient in vitamin D levels. In the present study, we hypothesized that vitamin D
deficiency would be associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate and mortality in the Indian population.
Materials and methods: SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality data were obtained from the Government of India's
official website (accessed on 16th August 2020). Various literature databases like PubMed and Google Scholar
were searched to find the mean of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in different states and union territories
of India, Pearson correlation was carried out to investigate the possible link between mean 25(OH)D levels and
SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality per million of the population.
Results: An inverse correlation was observed between the mean level of 25(OH)D and SARS-CoV-2 infection rate
(r = −0.43, p = 0.02) and mortality rate (r = −0.42, p = 0.02).
Conclusions: The present observational study revealed an association of vitamin D with SARS-CoV-2 infection
and related mortality. Further studies are required to validate our observations.
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