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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality 7% Improvement Relative Risk Death/ICU 17% ICU admission 55% Hospitalization 15% c19early.org/d Mendy et al. Vitamin D for COVID-19 Sufficiency Are vitamin D levels associated with COVID-19 outcomes? Retrospective 689 patients in the USA Lower death/ICU (p=0.001) and ICU admission (p=0.008) Mendy et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.06.25.20137323 Favors vitamin D Favors control
Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of COVID-19 Patients
Mendy et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.06.25.20137323 (Preprint)
Mendy et al., Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population.., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.06.25.20137323 (Preprint)
Jun 2020   Source   PDF  
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Retrospective 689 patients showing vitamin D deficiency associated with hospitalization and disease severity.
This is the 3rd of 175 COVID-19 sufficiency studies for vitamin D, which collectively show higher levels reduce risk with p<0.0000000001 (1 in 18 vigintillion).
risk of death, 7.0% lower, RR 0.93, p = 0.89, high D levels 21 of 600 (3.5%), low D levels 5 of 89 (5.6%), inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels, odds ratio converted to relative risk.
risk of death/ICU, 16.7% lower, RR 0.83, p < 0.001, high D levels 68 of 600 (11.3%), low D levels 23 of 89 (25.8%), NNT 6.9, inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels, odds ratio converted to relative risk.
risk of ICU admission, 55.3% lower, RR 0.45, p = 0.008, high D levels 47 of 600 (7.8%), low D levels 18 of 89 (20.2%), NNT 8.1, inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels, odds ratio converted to relative risk.
risk of hospitalization, 15.1% lower, RR 0.85, p < 0.001, high D levels 171 of 600 (28.5%), low D levels 45 of 89 (50.6%), NNT 4.5, inverted to make RR<1 favor high D levels, odds ratio converted to relative risk.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Mendy et al., 27 Jun 2020, retrospective, USA, preprint, 4 authors.
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Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of COVID-19 Patients
MD Angelico Mendy, Senu Apewokin, Anjanette A Wells, Ardythe L Morrow
doi:10.1101/2020.06.25.20137323
Disclosures: Authors declare no relationship with industry or other relevant entities that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. Author Contributions: AM contributed to the study concept and design, analysis and interpretation of data, and writing of the manuscript. SA, AAW, and ALM contributed to the interpretation of data and writing of the manuscript. AM takes full responsibility for the integrity of the dataset and the analysis results.
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; N, number of participants in subgroups. P-values for difference calculated using Wilcoxon rank tests.
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