Factors Associated with Hospitalization and Disease Severity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of COVID-19 Patients
MD Angelico Mendy, Senu Apewokin, Anjanette A Wells, Ardythe L Morrow
doi:10.1101/2020.06.25.20137323
Disclosures: Authors declare no relationship with industry or other relevant entities that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. Author Contributions: AM contributed to the study concept and design, analysis and interpretation of data, and writing of the manuscript. SA, AAW, and ALM contributed to the interpretation of data and writing of the manuscript. AM takes full responsibility for the integrity of the dataset and the analysis results.
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; N, number of participants in subgroups. P-values for difference calculated using Wilcoxon rank tests.
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'abstract': '<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>The '
'coronavirus disease (COVID-19) first identified in Wuhan in December 2019 became a pandemic '
'within a few months of its discovery. The impact of COVID-19 is due to both its rapid spread '
'and its severity, but the determinants of severity have not been fully '
'delineated.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>Identify '
'factors associated with hospitalization and disease severity in a racially and ethnically '
'diverse cohort of COVID-19 '
'patients.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed '
'data from COVID-19 patients diagnosed at the University of Cincinnati health system from '
'March 13, 2020 to May 31, 2020. Severe COVID-19 was defined as admission to intensive care '
'unit or death. Logistic regression modeling adjusted for covariates was used to identify the '
'factors associated with hospitalization and severe '
'COVID-19.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Among the 689 '
'COVID-19 patients included in our study, 29.2% were non-Hispanic White, 25.5% were '
'non-Hispanic Black, 32.5% were Hispanic, and 12.8% were of ‘Other’ race/ethnicity. About '
'31.3% of patients were hospitalized and 13.2% had severe disease. In adjusted analyses, the '
'sociodemographic factors associated with hospitalization and/or disease severity included '
'older age, non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic race/ethnicity (compared non-Hispanic White), and '
'smoking. The following comorbidities: diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, asthma, chronic '
'obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, '
'osteoarthritis, and vitamin D deficiency, were associated with hospitalization and/or disease '
'severity. Hematological disorders such as anemia, coagulation disorders, and thrombocytopenia '
'were associated with higher odds of both hospitalization and disease '
'severity.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>This study '
'confirms race and ethnicity as predictors of severe COVID-19 and identifies clinical risk '
'factors not previously reported such a vitamin D deficiency, hypercholesterolemia, '
'osteoarthritis, and anemia.</jats:p></jats:sec>',
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