Efficacy of “Essential Iodine Drops” against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 8, 12]], 'date-time': '2022-08-12T04:49:53Z', 'timestamp': 1660279793762}, 'reference-count': 17, 'publisher': 'Public Library of Science (PLoS)', 'issue': '7', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 7, 9]], 'date-time': '2021-07-09T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1625788800000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['www.plosone.org'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:sec id="sec001">\n' '<jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>Aerosolization of respiratory droplets is considered the main route of coronavirus ' 'disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, reducing the viral load of Severe Acute Respiratory ' 'Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shed via respiratory droplets is potentially an ideal ' 'strategy to prevent the spread of the pandemic. The <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> ' 'virucidal activity of intranasal Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) has been demonstrated recently to ' 'reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral titres. This study evaluated the virucidal activity of the aqueous ' 'solution of Iodine-V (a clathrate complex formed by elemental iodine and fulvic acid) as in ' 'Essential Iodine Drops (EID) with 200 μg elemental iodine/ml content against SARS-CoV-2 to ' 'ascertain whether it is a better alternative to PVP-I.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec002">\n' '<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 (USAWA1/2020 strain) virus stock was prepared by infecting Vero 76 cells ' '(ATCC CRL-1587) until cytopathic effect (CPE). The virucidal activity of EID against ' 'SARS-CoV-2 was tested in three dilutions (1:1; 2:1 and 3:1) in triplicates by incubating at ' 'room temperature (22 ± 2°C) for either 60 or 90 seconds. The surviving viruses from each ' 'sample were quantified by a standard end-point dilution assay.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec003">\n' '<jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>EID (200 μg iodine/ml) after exposure for 60 and 90 seconds was compared to controls. ' 'In both cases, the viral titre was reduced by 99% (LRV 2.0). The 1:1 dilution of EID with ' 'virus reduced SARS-CoV-2 virus from 31,623 cell culture infectious dose 50% ' '(CCID<jats:sub>50</jats:sub>) to 316 CCID<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> within 90 seconds.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec004">\n' '<jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>Substantial reductions in LRV by Iodine-V in EID confirmed the activity of EID ' 'against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, demonstrating that Iodine-V in EID is effective at inactivating ' 'the virus <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and therefore suggesting its potential ' 'application intranasally to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission from known or suspected COVID-19 ' 'patients.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0254341', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2021, 7, 9]], 'date-time': '2021-07-09T18:09:39Z', 'timestamp': 1625854179000}, 'page': 'e0254341', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 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