Efficacy of “Essential Iodine Drops” against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0254341", "ISSN": [ "1932-6203" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254341", "abstract": "<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n<jats:p>Aerosolization of respiratory droplets is considered the main route of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, reducing the viral load of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shed via respiratory droplets is potentially an ideal strategy to prevent the spread of the pandemic. The <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> virucidal activity of intranasal Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) has been demonstrated recently to reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral titres. This study evaluated the virucidal activity of the aqueous solution of Iodine-V (a clathrate complex formed by elemental iodine and fulvic acid) as in Essential Iodine Drops (EID) with 200 μg elemental iodine/ml content against SARS-CoV-2 to ascertain whether it is a better alternative to PVP-I.</jats:p>\n</jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n<jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 (USAWA1/2020 strain) virus stock was prepared by infecting Vero 76 cells (ATCC CRL-1587) until cytopathic effect (CPE). The virucidal activity of EID against SARS-CoV-2 was tested in three dilutions (1:1; 2:1 and 3:1) in triplicates by incubating at room temperature (22 ± 2°C) for either 60 or 90 seconds. The surviving viruses from each sample were quantified by a standard end-point dilution assay.</jats:p>\n</jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n<jats:p>EID (200 μg iodine/ml) after exposure for 60 and 90 seconds was compared to controls. In both cases, the viral titre was reduced by 99% (LRV 2.0). The 1:1 dilution of EID with virus reduced SARS-CoV-2 virus from 31,623 cell culture infectious dose 50% (CCID<jats:sub>50</jats:sub>) to 316 CCID<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> within 90 seconds.</jats:p>\n</jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n<jats:p>Substantial reductions in LRV by Iodine-V in EID confirmed the activity of EID against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, demonstrating that Iodine-V in EID is effective at inactivating the virus <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and therefore suggesting its potential application intranasally to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission from known or suspected COVID-19 patients.</jats:p>\n</jats:sec>", "author": [ { "affiliation": [], "family": "Köntös", "given": "Zoltán", "sequence": "first" } ], "container-title": "PLOS ONE", "container-title-short": "PLoS ONE", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [ "www.plosone.org" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 7, 9 ] ], "date-time": "2021-07-09T18:09:39Z", "timestamp": 1625854179000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 7, 9 ] ], "date-time": "2021-07-09T18:09:55Z", "timestamp": 1625854195000 }, "editor": [ { "affiliation": [], "family": "Serra", "given": "Raffaele", "sequence": "first" } ], "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 8, 12 ] ], "date-time": "2022-08-12T04:49:53Z", "timestamp": 1660279793762 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 2, "issue": "7", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 7, 9 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "7", "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 7, 9 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 7, 9 ] ], "date-time": "2021-07-09T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1625788800000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254341", "content-type": "unspecified", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], 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