Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Abstract
All vitamin B12 studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchVitamin B12Vitamin B12 (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis       

Excessive vitamin B12 and poor outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia

Dalbeni et al., Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005
Mar 2021  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
34th treatment shown to reduce risk in February 2022, now with p = 0.023 from 4 studies.
Lower risk for recovery.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,000+ studies for 109 treatments. c19early.org
Prospective study of 49 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Italy showing higher vitamin B12 levels associated with worse outcomes. In multivariate analysis, only age was independently associated with worse outcomes.
Study covers vitamin B12 and vitamin B9.
Dalbeni et al., 31 Mar 2021, peer-reviewed, median age 72.0, 6 authors, study period 30 March, 2020 - 30 April, 2020.
This PaperVitamin B12All
Abstract: Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases (2021) 31, 774e775 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/nmcd LETTER TO THE EDITOR Excessive vitamin B12 and poor outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia To the Editor, The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related to COVID-19 infection is a hard-to-treat disease with a poor prognosis. High casualty rate has been reported in the frail elderly where malnutrition and defective micronutrient state may both impair the immune response [1]. Rodriguez et all showed that 2% of patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were Vitamin B12 deficient [2]. Low plasma vitamin B12 (B12) and folate levels may also be associated with high homocysteine concentration. Moreover, vitamin B12 supplementation has been showed to add favourably to chronic hepatitis C treatment [3]. Aim of our study was to study prospectively vitamin B12 and folate plasma level in patients admitted for COVID Pneumonia. 51 patients diagnosed with SARSCov2 pharyngeal nose swab hospitalized at our internal medicine unit from 30Th March to 30Th April 2020 were considered for the study. 2 patients were excluded for ongoing vitamin supplementation. 49 patients (males 64.5%; median age 72 years, IQR Z 22 years) underwent extensive blood test, including B12, folates and blood gas analysis. Results were correlated with the outcome with a worse outcome intended as transfer to ICU or death. Continuous variables are expressed as mean  standard deviation (SD) and as median with Inter-Quartile Range (IQR) depending on data distribution; discrete variables are expressed as number and percentage. Comparison between continuous variables is performed using the Student’s T test for unpaired data and/or the ManneWhitney U test, depending on the distribution of the data. A stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis was performed in order to determine any independent determinants of outcome. Nine out of 49 patients were transferred to the ICU or died. Patients with poor outcome were significantly older (p Z 0.01), had lower P/F ratio (p Z 0.01) and higher plasma level of B12 (p Z 0.02) compared with those who recovered. In a multivariate regression analysis, only age was independently associated with a worse outcome (bSEM 0.016  0.005, p Z 0.001). No significant differences were noticed as regards to folates, transaminases, D-dimer, homocysteine, and fibrinogen (Table 1) A shortage of B vitamins may weaken host immune response [1]. One might postulate B12 as basic treatment option for COVID-19 illness. However, B12 status has not been previously assessed in this population. Unexpectedly, our data do not support a potential therapeutic role of B12 supplementation for a low 2% rate of B12 deficiency and normal homocysteine levels were not consistent with a significant B12 shortage [4]. Unfortunately, we did not perform plasma methylmalonic acid evaluation which is the most sensitive marker for B12 deficiency. However, a potential association between high plasma levels of vitamin B12 and increased risk of mortality is suggested. Moreover, it has been reported that the cyanocobalamin fraction of B12 may worsen prognosis of renal insufficiency patients [4]. However, no difference of B12 levels were found when the population was divided for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by a post-hoc analysis with few patients showing altered GFR. Our study supports recent..
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 7, 28]], 'date-time': '2024-07-28T10:33:33Z', 'timestamp': 1722162813384}, 'reference-count': 6, 'publisher': 'Elsevier BV', 'issue': '3', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 3, 1]], 'date-time': '2021-03-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1614556800000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/'}], 'content-domain': { 'domain': [ 'nmcd-journal.com', 'clinicalkey.jp', 'clinicalkey.com', 'clinicalkey.es', 'clinicalkey.com.au', 'clinicalkey.fr', 'elsevier.com', 'sciencedirect.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2021, 3]]}, 'DOI': '10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 12, 11]], 'date-time': '2020-12-11T17:25:21Z', 'timestamp': 1607707521000}, 'page': '774-775', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 12, 'title': 'Excessive vitamin B12 and poor outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia', 'prefix': '10.1016', 'volume': '31', 'author': [ {'given': 'Andrea', 'family': 'Dalbeni', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Michele', 'family': 'Bevilacqua', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Isabella', 'family': 'Teani', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ilaria', 'family': 'Normelli', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-108X', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Fulvia', 'family': 'Mazzaferri', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9183-4750', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Giuseppe', 'family': 'Chiarioni', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '78', 'reference': [ { 'key': '10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005_bib1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1181', 'DOI': '10.3390/nu12041181', 'article-title': 'Optimal nutritional status for a well-functioning immune system is an ' 'important factor to protect against viral infections', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Calder', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Nutrients'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005_bib2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '36', 'DOI': '10.1053/jcrc.2001.21795', 'article-title': 'Nutritional deficiencies and blunted erythropoietin response as causes ' 'of the anemia of critical illness', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Rodriguez', 'year': '2001', 'journal-title': 'J Crit Care'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005_bib3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '603', 'DOI': '10.3390/cells8060603', 'article-title': 'The role of micronutrients in the infection and subsequent response to ' 'hepatitis C virus', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Gupta', 'year': '2019', 'journal-title': 'Cells'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005_bib4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '750', 'DOI': '10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30180-1', 'article-title': 'B vitamins in stroke prevention: time to reconsider', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Spence', 'year': '2017', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Neurol'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005_bib5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19274', 'article-title': 'Association of plasma concentration of vitamin B12 with all-cause ' 'mortality in the general population in The Netherlands', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'Flores-Guerrero', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA Netw Open'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005_bib6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '53', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.clnu.2011.08.010', 'article-title': 'Increased Vitamin B12 levels are associated with mortality in ' 'critically ill medical patients', 'volume': '31', 'author': 'Sviri', 'year': '2012', 'journal-title': 'Clin Nutr'}], 'container-title': 'Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0939475320305147?httpAccept=text/xml', 'content-type': 'text/xml', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0939475320305147?httpAccept=text/plain', 'content-type': 'text/plain', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2021, 2, 24]], 'date-time': '2021-02-24T02:21:32Z', 'timestamp': 1614133292000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0939475320305147'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2021, 3]]}, 'references-count': 6, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '3', 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2021, 3]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['S0939475320305147'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['0939-4753'], 'subject': [], 'container-title-short': 'Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2021, 3]]}, 'assertion': [ {'value': 'Elsevier', 'name': 'publisher', 'label': 'This article is maintained by'}, { 'value': 'Excessive vitamin B12 and poor outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia', 'name': 'articletitle', 'label': 'Article Title'}, { 'value': 'Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases', 'name': 'journaltitle', 'label': 'Journal Title'}, { 'value': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.12.005', 'name': 'articlelink', 'label': 'CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version'}, {'value': 'simple-article', 'name': 'content_type', 'label': 'Content Type'}, { 'value': '© 2020 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of ' 'Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of ' 'Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier ' 'B.V. All rights reserved.', 'name': 'copyright', 'label': 'Copyright'}]}
Loading..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit