Causal relationship between physical activity, leisure sedentary behaviors and COVID-19 risk: a Mendelian randomization study

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 13]], 'date-time': '2022-05-13T12:42:22Z', 'timestamp': 1652445742937}, 'reference-count': 55, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 13]], 'date-time': '2022-05-13T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1652400000000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 13]], 'date-time': '2022-05-13T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1652400000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'funder': [ { 'name': 'Research foundation of Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center for Clinical ' 'Doctor', 'award': ['KTa377a204193688']}, { 'DOI': '10.13039/100018479', 'name': 'Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Childrens Medical Center', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'award': ['KT072c1204164651']}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2022, 12]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) poses an enormous ' 'threat to public health worldwide, and the ensuing management of social isolation has greatly ' 'decreased opportunities for physical activity (PA) and increased opportunities for leisure ' 'sedentary behaviors (LSB). Given that both PA and LSB have been established as major ' 'influencing factors for obesity, diabetes and cardiometabolic syndrome, whether PA/LSB in ' 'turn affects the susceptibility to COVID-19 by disrupting metabolic homeostasis remains to be ' 'explored. In this study, we aimed to systematically evaluate the causal relationship between ' 'PA/LSB and COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization and severity using a Mendelian ' 'randomization study.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Data were obtained from a large-scale PA dataset (N\u2009=\u2009' '377,000), LSB dataset (N\u2009=\u2009422,218) and COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative (N\u2009' '=\u20092,586,691). The causal effects were estimated with inverse variance weighted, ' 'MR-Egger, weighted median and MR-PRESSO. Sensitivity analyses were implemented with Cochran’s ' 'Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis and the funnel plot. Risk ' 'factor analyses were further conducted to investigate the potential mediators.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Genetically predicted accelerometer-assessed PA decreased the risk ' 'for COVID-19 hospitalization (OR\u2009=\u20090.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.97; P\u2009=\u20090.002), ' 'while leisure television watching significantly increased the risk of COVID-19 ' 'hospitalization (OR\u2009=\u20091.55, 95% CI 1.29–1.88; P\u2009=\u20094.68\u2009×\u2009' '10<jats:sup>–6</jats:sup>) and disease severity (OR\u2009=\u20091.85, 95% CI 1.33–2.56; ' 'P\u2009=\u20090.0002) after Bonferroni correction. No causal effects of self-reported ' 'moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), accelerometer fraction of accelerations\u2009' '&gt;\u2009425 milligravities, computer use or driving on COVID-19 progression were observed. ' 'Risk factor analyses indicated that the above causal associations might be mediated by ' 'several metabolic risk factors, including smoking, high body mass index, elevated serum ' 'triglyceride levels, insulin resistance and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Our findings supported a causal effect of accelerometer-assessed PA ' 'on the reduced risk of COVID-19 hospitalization as well as television watching on the ' 'increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and severity, which was potentially mediated by ' 'smoking, obesity and type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes. Particular attention should be given ' 'to reducing leisure sedentary behaviors and encouraging proper exercise during isolation and ' 'quarantine for COVID-19.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1186/s12967-022-03407-6', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 13]], 'date-time': '2022-05-13T11:09:48Z', 'timestamp': 1652440188000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Causal relationship between physical activity, leisure sedentary behaviors and COVID-19 risk: a ' 'Mendelian randomization study', 'prefix': '10.1186', 'volume': '20', 'author': [ {'given': 'Xiong', 'family': 'Chen', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Xiaosi', 'family': 'Hong', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Wenjing', 'family': 'Gao', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Shulu', 'family': 'Luo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jiahao', 'family': 'Cai', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Guochang', 'family': 'Liu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Yinong', 'family': 'Huang', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 13]]}, 'reference': [ { 'issue': '6', 'key': '3407_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '321', 'DOI': '10.3949/ccjm.87a.20047', 'volume': '87', 'author': 'CC Bergmann', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Bergmann CC, Silverman RH. 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