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Association of vitamin D status with hospital morbidity and mortality in adult hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Charoenngam et al., Endocrine Practice, doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2021.02.013
Mar 2021  
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Mortality 34% Improvement Relative Risk Ventilation 37% ICU admission 23% Mortality (b) 58% Vitamin D  Charoenngam et al.  Sufficiency Are vitamin D levels associated with COVID-19 outcomes? Retrospective 287 patients in the USA Lower mortality (p=0.26) and ventilation (p=0.17), not sig. c19early.org Charoenngam et al., Endocrine Practice, Mar 2021 Favorsvitamin D Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
Vitamin D for COVID-19
8th treatment shown to reduce risk in October 2020, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 122 studies, recognized in 9 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 112 treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective 287 hospitalized patients in the USA showing significantly lower mortality with vitamin D sufficiency in elderly patients and patients without obesity; and lower mortality for all patients but not reaching statistical signifance.
This is the 54th of 210 COVID-19 sufficiency studies for vitamin D, which collectively show higher levels reduce risk with p<0.0000000001 (1 in 144,755,650 vigintillion).
risk of death, 34.1% lower, RR 0.66, p = 0.26, high D levels 12 of 100 (12.0%), low D levels 29 of 187 (15.5%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, >=30ng/mL.
risk of mechanical ventilation, 37.2% lower, RR 0.63, p = 0.17, high D levels 14 of 100 (14.0%), low D levels 34 of 187 (18.2%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, >=30ng/mL.
risk of ICU admission, 23.1% lower, RR 0.77, p = 0.28, high D levels 25 of 100 (25.0%), low D levels 56 of 187 (29.9%), NNT 20, adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, >=30ng/mL.
risk of death, 58.1% lower, RR 0.42, p = 0.05, high D levels 7 of 57 (12.3%), low D levels 25 of 79 (31.6%), NNT 5.2, adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, >65 years old, >=30ng/mL.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Charoenngam et al., 8 Mar 2021, retrospective, USA, peer-reviewed, 6 authors.
This PaperVitamin DAll
Association of Vitamin D Status With Hospital Morbidity and Mortality in Adult Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
MD Nipith Charoenngam, MD, PhD Arash Shirvani, MBBS Niyoti Reddy, MD Danica M Vodopivec, MD Caroline M Apovian, PhD, MD Michael F Holick
Endocrine Practice, doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2021.02.013
Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre -including this research content -immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
Disclosure M.F.H. is a consultant for Quest Diagnostics, Inc, Biogena, Inc, and Ontometrics, Inc, and on the speaker's bureau for Abbott, Inc. C.M.A. reports receiving personal fees from Nutrisystem, Zafgen, Sanofi-Aventis, Orexigen, EnteroMedics, GI Dynamics, Scientific Intake, Gelesis, Novo Nordisk, SetPoint Health, Xeno Biosciences, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, and Takeda outside of the funded work, reports receiving grant funding from Aspire Bariatrics, GI Dynamics, Orexigen, Takeda, the Vela Foundation, Gelesis, Energesis, Coherence Lab, and Novo Nordisk outside of the funded work, and reports past equity interest in ScienceSmart, LLC. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest.
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