0
0.5
1
1.5
2+
Mortality
41%
Improvement
Relative Risk
Severe case
59%
c19 early.org/d
Atanasovska et al. Vitamin D for COVID-19 Sufficiency
Favors vitamin D
Favors control
Vitamin D levels and oxidative stress markers in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Retrospective 33 COVID-19 hospitalized patients in North Macedonia, showing significantly lower vitamin D levels for severe vs. moderate cases. Oxidative stress was also higher for vitamin D insufficient patients.
risk of death, 40.7% lower , RR 0.59, p = 0.68 , high D levels (≥30ng/mL) 2 of 9 (22.2%), low D levels (<30ng/mL) 9 of 24 (37.5%), NNT 6.5.
risk of severe case, 59.0% lower , RR 0.41, p = 0.13 , high D levels (≥30ng/mL) 2 of 9 (22.2%), low D levels (<30ng/mL) 13 of 24 (54.2%), NNT 3.1.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Atanasovska et al., 2 Nov 2021, retrospective, North Macedonia, peer-reviewed, 8 authors.
Contact:
marija.petrusevska@medf.ukim.edu.mk.
Abstract: Redox Report
Communications in Free Radical Research
ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/yrer20
Vitamin D levels and oxidative stress markers in
patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Emilija Atanasovska, Marija Petrusevska, Dragica Zendelovska, Katerina
Spasovska, Milena Stevanovikj, Katerina Kasapinova, Kalina Gjorgjievska &
Nikola Labachevski
To cite this article: Emilija Atanasovska, Marija Petrusevska, Dragica Zendelovska, Katerina
Spasovska, Milena Stevanovikj, Katerina Kasapinova, Kalina Gjorgjievska & Nikola Labachevski
(2021) Vitamin D levels and oxidative stress markers in patients hospitalized with COVID-19,
Redox Report, 26:1, 184-189, DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1999126
To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/13510002.2021.1999126
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa
UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis
Group
Published online: 02 Nov 2021.
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https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=yrer20
REDOX REPORT
2021, VOL. 26, NO. 1, 184–189
https://doi.org/10.1080/13510002.2021.1999126
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Vitamin D levels and oxidative stress markers in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Emilija Atanasovska a*, Marija Petrusevska a*, Dragica Zendelovska a*, Katerina Spasovska
Milena Stevanovikjb, Katerina Kasapinovac, Kalina Gjorgjievska a and Nikola Labachevskia
b
,
a
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ss Cyril and Methodius, Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Skopje, Republic of
North Macedonia; bIntensive Care Unit, University Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Conditions, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia;
c
Intensive Care Unit, University Surgery Clinic ‘St.Naum Ohridski’, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
ABSTRACT
KEYWORDS
Background: COVID-19 is characterized by the presence of oxidative stress. Vitamin D status has
been reviewed as one of the factors that may affect disease severity. The aim of this study was to
assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels, oxidative stress markers and disease
severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Methods: Vitamin D levels were measured in 33 patients with COVID-19. The total antioxidant power
and plasma peroxides were determined in serum.
Results: Severe COVID-19 patients have lower vitamin D levels (18.39 ± 2.29 ng/mL vs. 28.47 ±
3.05 ng/mL, p < .05) and higher oxidative stress compared to the moderate group. When divided
according to serum vitamin D levels, significantly higher values of LDH (604.8 ± 76.98 IU/mL vs.
261.57 ± 47.33 IU/mL) and D-dimer (5978 ± 2028ng/mL vs. 977.7 ± 172 ng/mL) were obtained in
the group with vitamin D below 30 ng/mL, followed with significantly higher levels of plasma
peroxides (d-ROMs: 414.9 ± 15.82 U.Carr vs. 352.4 ± 18.77 U.Carr; p < .05) and oxidative stress index
(OSI: 92.25 ± 6.60 vs. 51.89 ± 6.45; p < .001).
Conclusion: The presented data provide a justification to consider vitamin D as an important factor
that could ameliorate disease severity through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
COVID-19; vitamin D;
oxidative stress; plasma
peroxides; disease severity;
antioxidants; inflammation
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