Serum Levels of Vitamin C and Vitamin D in a Cohort of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients of a North American Community Hospital Intensive Care Unit in May 2020: A Pilot Study
MD a, ⁎ Cristian Arvinte, PhD Maharaj Singh, MD, FCCP Paul E Marik
Medicine in Drug Discovery, doi:10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064
Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre -including this research content -immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
Conflict of Interest The authors of this paper have had no conflicts of interest in conducting and publishing this research.
Ethical Approval and Informed Consent The work involved in conducting our research has followed standard medical ethical rules and regulations.
References
Carr, Maggini, Vitamin C and immune function, Nutrients
Carr, Rosengrave, Bayer, Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients despite recommended enteral and parenteral intakes, Crit Care,
doi:10.1186/s13054-017-1891-yChiscano-Camón, Vitamin C levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory distress Syndrome, Crit Care,
doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03249-yDwivedi, Parenteral vitamin D supplementation is superior to oral in vitamin D insufficient patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev. November,
doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2017.03.019Einarsdóttir, Effect of a single 'megadose' intramuscular vitamin D (600,000 IU) injection on vitamin D concentrations and bone mineral density following biliopancreatic diversion surgery, Obes Surg,
doi:10.1007/s11695-009-0024-3Grant, Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths, Nutrients
Long, Dosing matters! Vitamin C in critical illness, Crit Care Med
Marik, Vitamin C: an essential "stress hormone" during sepsis, J Thorac Dis
Mccartney, Byrne, Optimization of Vitamin D Status for Enhanced Immuno-protection Against Covid-19, Ir Med J
Schleicher, Serum vitamin C and the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency in the United States: 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Am J Clin Nutr,
doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.27016Silberstein, Vitamin D: A simpler alternative to tocilizumab for trial in COVID-19?, Med Hypotheses
The, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute PETAL Clinical Trials Network: early high-dose vitamin D3 for critically ill, vitamin D-deficient patients, N Engl J Med,
doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1911124Wu, An update on current therapeutic drugs treating COVID-19, Cur Pharmacol Rep
DOI record:
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064",
"ISSN": [
"2590-0986"
],
"URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064",
"alternative-id": [
"S2590098620300518"
],
"article-number": "100064",
"assertion": [
{
"label": "This article is maintained by",
"name": "publisher",
"value": "Elsevier"
},
{
"label": "Article Title",
"name": "articletitle",
"value": "Serum Levels of Vitamin C and Vitamin D in a Cohort of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients of a North American Community Hospital Intensive Care Unit in May 2020: A Pilot Study"
},
{
"label": "Journal Title",
"name": "journaltitle",
"value": "Medicine in Drug Discovery"
},
{
"label": "CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version",
"name": "articlelink",
"value": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064"
},
{
"label": "Content Type",
"name": "content_type",
"value": "article"
},
{
"label": "Copyright",
"name": "copyright",
"value": "© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V."
}
],
"author": [
{
"affiliation": [],
"family": "Arvinte",
"given": "Cristian",
"sequence": "first"
},
{
"affiliation": [],
"family": "Singh",
"given": "Maharaj",
"sequence": "additional"
},
{
"affiliation": [],
"family": "Marik",
"given": "Paul E.",
"sequence": "additional"
}
],
"container-title": "Medicine in Drug Discovery",
"container-title-short": "Medicine in Drug Discovery",
"content-domain": {
"crossmark-restriction": true,
"domain": [
"elsevier.com",
"sciencedirect.com"
]
},
"created": {
"date-parts": [
[
2020,
9,
18
]
],
"date-time": "2020-09-18T08:22:00Z",
"timestamp": 1600417320000
},
"deposited": {
"date-parts": [
[
2021,
1,
19
]
],
"date-time": "2021-01-19T05:55:41Z",
"timestamp": 1611035741000
},
"indexed": {
"date-parts": [
[
2024,
5,
11
]
],
"date-time": "2024-05-11T05:09:47Z",
"timestamp": 1715404187269
},
"is-referenced-by-count": 88,
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
[
2020,
12
]
]
},
"language": "en",
"license": [
{
"URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/",
"content-version": "tdm",
"delay-in-days": 0,
"start": {
"date-parts": [
[
2020,
12,
1
]
],
"date-time": "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z",
"timestamp": 1606780800000
}
},
{
"URL": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
"content-version": "vor",
"delay-in-days": 0,
"start": {
"date-parts": [
[
2020,
9,
15
]
],
"date-time": "2020-09-15T00:00:00Z",
"timestamp": 1600128000000
}
}
],
"link": [
{
"URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2590098620300518?httpAccept=text/xml",
"content-type": "text/xml",
"content-version": "vor",
"intended-application": "text-mining"
},
{
"URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2590098620300518?httpAccept=text/plain",
"content-type": "text/plain",
"content-version": "vor",
"intended-application": "text-mining"
}
],
"member": "78",
"original-title": [],
"page": "100064",
"prefix": "10.1016",
"published": {
"date-parts": [
[
2020,
12
]
]
},
"published-print": {
"date-parts": [
[
2020,
12
]
]
},
"publisher": "Elsevier BV",
"reference": [
{
"author": "Incipient Scurvy",
"first-page": "465",
"issue": "Issue 4908",
"journal-title": "Lancet",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0005",
"volume": "190",
"year": "1917"
},
{
"DOI": "10.3945/ajcn.2008.27016",
"article-title": "Serum vitamin C and the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency in the United States: 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)",
"author": "Schleicher",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "1252",
"journal-title": "Am J Clin Nutr",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0010",
"volume": "90",
"year": "2009"
},
{
"article-title": "Optimization of Vitamin D Status for Enhanced Immuno-protection Against Covid-19",
"author": "McCartney",
"first-page": "58",
"issue": "4",
"journal-title": "Ir Med J",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0015",
"volume": "113",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1186/s13054-017-1891-y",
"article-title": "Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients despite recommended enteral and parenteral intakes",
"author": "Carr",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "300",
"journal-title": "Crit Care",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0020",
"volume": "21",
"year": "2017"
},
{
"article-title": "Vitamin C: an essential “stress hormone” during sepsis",
"author": "Marik",
"issue": "Supplement 1",
"journal-title": "J Thorac Dis",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0025",
"volume": "12",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.3390/nu9111211",
"article-title": "Vitamin C and immune function",
"author": "Carr",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "1211",
"issue": "11",
"journal-title": "Nutrients",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0030",
"volume": "9",
"year": "2017"
},
{
"article-title": "Avoidance of vitamin D deficiency to slow the COVID-19 pandemic",
"author": "Kohlmeier",
"journal-title": "BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0035",
"volume": "0",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1080/14787210.2020.1706483",
"article-title": "The antiviral properties of vitamin C",
"author": "Biancatelli",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "99",
"issue": "2",
"journal-title": "Expert Rev Anti-Infect Ther",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0040",
"volume": "18",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.04.007",
"article-title": "Vitamin C for the treatment of sepsis: The scientific rationale",
"author": "Marik",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "63",
"journal-title": "Pharmacol Ther",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0045",
"volume": "189",
"year": "2018"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1097/CCM.0000000000004006",
"article-title": "Dosing matters! Vitamin C in critical illness",
"author": "Long",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "e1042",
"issue": "Issue 12",
"journal-title": "Crit Care Med",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0050",
"volume": "47",
"year": "2019"
},
{
"DOI": "10.3390/nu12040988",
"article-title": "Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths",
"author": "Grant",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "988",
"journal-title": "Nutrients",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0055",
"volume": "12",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1056/NEJMoa1911124",
"article-title": "Lung, and Blood Institute PETAL Clinical Trials Network: early high-dose vitamin D3 for critically ill, vitamin D–deficient patients",
"author": "The National Heart",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "2529",
"journal-title": "N Engl J Med",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0060",
"volume": "381",
"year": "2019"
},
{
"article-title": "l: An update on current therapeutic drugs treating COVID-19",
"author": "Renyi",
"first-page": "1",
"issue": "4",
"journal-title": "Cur Pharmacol Rep",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0065",
"volume": "12",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109767",
"article-title": "Vitamin D: A simpler alternative to tocilizumab for trial in COVID-19?",
"author": "Silberstein",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"journal-title": "Med Hypotheses",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0070",
"volume": "140",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1186/s13054-014-0460-x",
"article-title": "Vitamin C revisited",
"author": "Oudemans-van Straaten",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "460",
"journal-title": "Crit Care",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0075",
"volume": "18",
"year": "2014"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.dsx.2017.03.019",
"article-title": "Parenteral vitamin D supplementation is superior to oral in vitamin D insufficient patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus",
"author": "Dwivedi",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "S373",
"issue": "Supplement 1",
"journal-title": "Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0080",
"volume": "Volume 11",
"year": "2017"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1007/s11695-009-0024-3",
"article-title": "Effect of a single ‘megadose’ intramuscular vitamin D (600,000 IU) injection on vitamin D concentrations and bone mineral density following biliopancreatic diversion surgery",
"author": "Einarsdóttir",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "732",
"issue": "6",
"journal-title": "Obes Surg",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0085",
"volume": "20",
"year": "2010"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1186/s13054-020-03249-y",
"article-title": "Vitamin C levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2–associated acute respiratory distress Syndrome",
"author": "Chiscano-Camón",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "522",
"journal-title": "Crit Care",
"key": "10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064_bb0090",
"volume": "24",
"year": "2020"
}
],
"reference-count": 18,
"references-count": 18,
"relation": {},
"resource": {
"primary": {
"URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2590098620300518"
}
},
"score": 1,
"short-title": [],
"source": "Crossref",
"subject": [],
"subtitle": [],
"title": "Serum Levels of Vitamin C and Vitamin D in a Cohort of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients of a North American Community Hospital Intensive Care Unit in May 2020: A Pilot Study",
"type": "journal-article",
"update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy",
"volume": "8"
}
