Association of Vitamin D Status with COVID-19 Infection and Mortality in the Asia Pacific region: A Cross-Sectional Study

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1007/s12291-020-00950-1", "ISSN": [ "0970-1915", "0974-0422" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12291-020-00950-1", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>COVID-19 has been declared a global pandemic by WHO on 11 March 2020. Still, very little is known about the potential protective dietary factors for the prevention of infection and mortality due to COVID-19. Keeping in view the scarcity of literature/studies available, in this regards present study was undertaken to assess if there is any correlation between mean levels of Vitamin D in various Asia Pacific countries with the infection and mortality caused by COVID-19. We collected data for mean levels of Vitamin D for 37 Asia Pacific countries for which we have also got the data regarding the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. The mean levels of Vitamin D were found to have a significant association with the number of cases/million(r =  − 0.394, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> value = 0.016) and a weak association with the number of deaths/ million (r =  − 0.280, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> value = 0.093) due to COVID-19. In conclusion, we found a significant relationship between Vitamin D levels with the number of COVID-19 cases. So further clinical trial/study with a large sample size is needed to elucidate the protective role of Vitamin D in COVID-19.</jats:p>", "alternative-id": [ "950" ], "assertion": [ { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Received", "name": "received", "order": 1, "value": "14 October 2020" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Accepted", "name": "accepted", "order": 2, "value": "11 December 2020" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "First Online", "name": "first_online", "order": 3, "value": "3 February 2021" }, { "group": { "label": "Compliance with Ethical Standards", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 1 }, { "group": { "label": "Conflict of interest", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 2, "value": "The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article." } ], "author": [ { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-8039", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Yadav", "given": "Dharmveer", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Birdi", "given": "Amandeep", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Tomo", "given": "Sojit", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Charan", "given": "Jaykaran", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Bhardwaj", "given": "Pankaj", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Sharma", "given": "Praveen", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry", "container-title-short": "Ind J Clin Biochem", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [ "link.springer.com" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 2, 3 ] ], "date-time": "2021-02-03T03:08:40Z", "timestamp": 1612321720000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 9, 21 ] ], "date-time": "2021-09-21T06:29:33Z", "timestamp": 1632205773000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 4, 21 ] ], "date-time": "2024-04-21T08:27:27Z", "timestamp": 1713688047377 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 11, "issue": "4", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 2, 3 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "4", "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 10 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "tdm", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 2, 3 ] ], "date-time": "2021-02-03T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1612310400000 } }, { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 2, 3 ] ], "date-time": "2021-02-03T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1612310400000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12291-020-00950-1.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12291-020-00950-1/fulltext.html", "content-type": "text/html", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12291-020-00950-1.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "297", "original-title": [], "page": "492-497", "prefix": "10.1007", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 2, 3 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 2, 3 ] ] }, "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2021, 10 ] ] }, "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "reference": [ { "DOI": "10.1093/ajcn/80.6.1678S", "author": "MF Holick", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "first-page": "1678S", "issue": "6 Suppl", "journal-title": "Am J Clin Nutr", "key": "950_CR1", "unstructured": "Holick MF. 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