Vitamin D and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: SERVE Study (SARS-CoV-2 Exposure and the Role of Vitamin D among Hospital Employees)
Yi Liu, Shannon Clare, Gia D’erasmo, Alison Heilbronner, Alexander Dash, Alexandra Krez, Caroline Zaworski, Katherine Haseltine, Alana Serota, Andy Miller, M.S Keila Veiga, Marvin Sandoval, Theresa T Lu, Donald J Mcmahon, Jeri W Nieves, MD Emily Margaret Stein
The Journal of Nutrition, doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.03.001
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reflection of the high infectivity of this viral strain but also may have related to waning antibody levels from the time since vaccination. While it is conceivable that our sample size was too small to detect a relationship between 25OHD and infection risk, the observed rate of infection we observed was greater than we predicted in our a priori power calculation, suggesting the null finding of our study was unlikely to be due to a small sample size. Although we investigated several cut-points for 25OHD, it is conceivable that there is a non-linear relationship between serum 25OHD and incident infection which we were not able to detect in our analyses. We did not find that use of vitamin D supplements lowered the risk of incident SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nor did we find a relationship between dosage of supplements and incident infection. In our study, about half of the participants took vitamin D supplements at baseline. Our findings are consistent with those of a recent meta-analysis that included one randomized controlled trial and three cohort studies in which vitamin D supplementation did not significantly reduce the risk of COVID-19 (45) . In a study from the UK Biobank, use of vitamin D supplements was associated with a 34% lower risk of COVID-19. As only individuals who had clinical COVID-19 tests were included, those findings may not have reflected relationships with asymptomatic disease in the general population. Further, the information about vitamin D supplement use..
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