Role of Vitamin D in Pathogenesis and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection
Dr Amir Hamza, Maqbool Ahmed, Khalil Ahmed, Abdul Baqi Durrani
Aim: To determine the vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 infection and its association with the severity and fatality of COVID-19 disease. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Internal Medicine Bolan Medical College Hospital Quetta from 1 st March to 30 th April 2020. Methods: A total of 168 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, age ranged from 30 to 80 years of either gender were included. The brief medical history was taken and clinical examination were done. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs samples of patient for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were collected and sent to the hospital medical laboratory to detect COVID-19 infection by using real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Blood sample of each patient were also collected to detect the vitamin D3 levels. Results: Mean age of patients was 42.26±13.69 years, 94(56%) were males, while 74(44%) were females. Most of the patients were with age group of 31-50 years 80(47.6%). Regarding COVID-19 asymptomatic subjects were 139(82.73%), while 22(13.09%), 5(2.97%), 2(1.19%) cases were respectively suffering from mild, moderate and severe disease. Vit D deficiency was significantly associated with both asymptomatic and symptomatic cases. Conclusion: Vitamin D is having protective role in respiratory tract infections. Its administration in deficient individuals suffering from COVID-19 infection may boost the immune system and reduces the severity of COVID-19 infection Vitamin D supplementation might boost the immune system of COVID-19 patients and reduce severity of the disease in vitamin D deficient individuals.
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