Effects of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms on the prognosis of COVID‐19
et al., Clinical Endocrinology, doi:10.1111/cen.14664, Dec 2021
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Analysis of 297 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Turkey, showing no significant association between vitamin D levels and severity, ICU admission, or mortality. VDR gene polymorphisms were independently associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality.
Apaydin et al., 25 Dec 2021, Turkey, peer-reviewed, 15 authors, study period April 2020 - October 2020.
Contact: tugceapaydin88@hotmail.com, hamzapolatdr@gmail.com, dincer.ceyda@gmail.com, can.ilgin@hotmail.com, dronurelbasan@hotmail.com, drsaida90@gmail.com, bayramfeyza1@gmail.com, fetukenmez@yahoo.com, ozanunlu_57@hotmail.com, ahmetfaruk.aft@gmail.com, arslanebruuu@hotmail.com, ipekyilmaz044@gmail.com, goncahaklar@marmara.edu.tr, pinaren@gmail.com, hulyagozu@yahoo.com.
Effects of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms on the prognosis of COVID‐19
Clinical Endocrinology, doi:10.1111/cen.14664
Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as another potential risk factor for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to the immunomodulatory effects of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH)D]. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms such as Fok I, Bsm I, Apa I, and Taq I are also associated with different courses of viral infections. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the VDR gene polymorphism at Fok I, Taq I, Bsm I, and Apa I genotypes and the prognosis of COVID-19 in respect to vitamin D deficiency. Methods: Two-hundred ninety-seven patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. Serum 25 (OH)D levels were measured. Four variant regions of the VDR gene, FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI were determined.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported. Author contribution statement: All authors made substantial contributions to conception and design, and acquisition of data, and analysis and interpretation of data; participated in drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, and final approval of the version to be submitted. Ethical Approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants followed the institutional research committee's ethical standards, the 1964 Helsinki declaration, and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.
Abbreviations This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Accepted
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"abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose</jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as another potential risk factor for coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) due to the immunomodulatory effects of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH)D]. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms such as Fok I, Bsm I, Apa I, and Taq I are also associated with different courses of viral infections. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the VDR gene polymorphism at Fok I, Taq I, Bsm I, and Apa I genotypes and the prognosis of COVID‐19 in respect to vitamin D deficiency.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Two‐hundred ninety‐seven patients with COVID‐19 were enrolled. Serum 25 (OH)D levels were measured. Four variant regions of the VDR gene, FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI were determined.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Eighty‐three percent of subjects had vitamin D deficiency, and 40.7% of the whole group had severe deficiency. Median 25 (OH)D level was 11.97 ng/ml. Vitamin D levels were not related to inflammatory markers, disease severity, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality. While disease severity was related to Fok I Ff genotype, it was Taq TT genotype for ICU admission. Moreover, the ApaI aa genotype was common among the patients who were died. None of the deceased subjects had the Fok I FF genotype.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>25 (OH)D levels were not related to the severity and mortality of COVID‐19. VDR gene polymorphisms are independently associated with the severity of COVID‐19 and the survival of patients.</jats:p></jats:sec>",
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