Efficacy of Pranayama in Preventing COVID-19 in Exposed Healthcare Professionals: A Quasi-Randomized Clinical Trial

Sarwal et al., Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586, CTRI/2020/07/026667, May 2022
Case 89% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk Pranayama for COVID-19  Sarwal et al.  PROPHYLAXIS Does Pranayama reduce COVID-19 infections? Prospective study of 250 patients in India Fewer cases with Pranayama (p=0.019) c19early.org Sarwal et al., J. Ayurveda and Integra.., May 2022 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
43rd treatment shown to reduce risk in June 2022, now with p = 0.013 from 14 studies, recognized in 10 countries.
Lower risk for hospitalization, cases, and viral clearance.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
6,500+ studies for 210+ treatments. c19early.org
Quasi-randomized trial of 250 healthcare professionals (HCPs) exposed to COVID-19 in India showing benefit with a twice-daily Pranayama, including Bhramari Pranayama, which is a calming yoga breathing technique where a steady humming sound is produced during slow, controlled exhalations. Humming increases nasal nitric oxide, which may be beneficial for COVID-19.
risk of case, 88.5% lower, RR 0.11, p = 0.02, treatment 1 of 123 (0.8%), control 9 of 127 (7.1%), NNT 16.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Sarwal et al., 31 May 2022, prospective, India, peer-reviewed, 4 authors, trial CTRI/2020/07/026667. Contact: ibasavaraddi@yahoo.co.in.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org April 2026 India Pakistan United Kingdom USA Russia Argentina Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Peru Philippines Spain Vietnam Brazil France Italy China Uzbekistan Iran Nepal Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Thailand Uganda Egypt Nigeria Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Czechia Israel Belarus North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia Benin Burundi Cameroon CAR India favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was moderate.Low-cost treatments improve early treatment, andprovide complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org April 2026 India Pakistan United Kingdom USA Russia Argentina Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Peru Philippines Spain Vietnam Brazil France Japan China Uzbekistan Iran Nepal Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Thailand Uganda Egypt Nigeria Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Mongolia Czechia Israel Belarus North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia Benin Burundi CAR Syria India favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy was moderate.Low-cost protocols improve early treatment,and add complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Abstract: Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine j o urnal homepage: http://elsevier.com/locate/jaim Original Research Article (Clinical) Ef fi cacy of pranayama in preventing COVID-19 in exposed healthcare professionals: A quasi-randomized clinical trial Rakesh Sarwal a , Rajinder K. Dhamija b , Khushbu Jain c , Ishwar V. Basavaraddi d, * - a Advisor, National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog, New Delhi, India - b Professor and Head, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India - c Assistant Professor, Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, 68, Ashoka Road, Near Gole Dak Khana, New Delhi110001, India d Director, Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, 68, Ashoka Road, Near Gole Dak Khana, New Delhi, 110001, India a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 3 December 2021 Received in revised form 23 March 2022 Accepted 29 April 2022 Available online 6 May 2022 Keywords: COVID-19 Pranayama Health care professionals Yoga
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