Efficacy of Pranayama in Preventing COVID-19 in Exposed Healthcare Professionals: A Quasi-Randomized Clinical Trial
et al., Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586, CTRI/2020/07/026667, May 2022
43rd treatment shown to reduce risk in
June 2022, now with p = 0.013 from 14 studies, recognized in 10 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols
combine treatments.
6,500+ studies for
210+ treatments. c19early.org
|
Quasi-randomized trial of 250 healthcare professionals (HCPs) exposed to COVID-19 in India showing benefit with a twice-daily Pranayama, including Bhramari Pranayama, which is a calming yoga breathing technique where a steady humming sound is produced during slow, controlled exhalations. Humming increases nasal nitric oxide, which may be beneficial for COVID-19.
|
risk of case, 88.5% lower, RR 0.11, p = 0.02, treatment 1 of 123 (0.8%), control 9 of 127 (7.1%), NNT 16.
|
| Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates |
Sarwal et al., 31 May 2022, prospective, India, peer-reviewed, 4 authors, trial CTRI/2020/07/026667.
Contact: ibasavaraddi@yahoo.co.in.
Abstract:
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
j o urnal homepage: http://elsevier.com/locate/jaim
Original Research Article (Clinical)
Ef fi cacy of pranayama in preventing COVID-19 in exposed healthcare professionals: A quasi-randomized clinical trial
Rakesh Sarwal a , Rajinder K. Dhamija b , Khushbu Jain c , Ishwar V. Basavaraddi d, *
- a Advisor, National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog, New Delhi, India
- b Professor and Head, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
- c Assistant Professor, Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, 68, Ashoka Road, Near Gole Dak Khana, New Delhi110001, India
d Director, Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, 68, Ashoka Road, Near Gole Dak Khana, New Delhi, 110001, India
a r t i c l e i n f o
Article history: Received 3 December 2021 Received in revised form 23 March 2022 Accepted 29 April 2022 Available online 6 May 2022
Keywords: COVID-19 Pranayama Health care professionals Yoga
DOI record:
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586",
"ISSN": [
"0975-9476"
],
"URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586",
"alternative-id": [
"S0975947622000456"
],
"article-number": "100586",
"author": [
{
"ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-2640",
"affiliation": [],
"authenticated-orcid": false,
"family": "Sarwal",
"given": "Rakesh",
"sequence": "first"
},
{
"affiliation": [],
"family": "Dhamija",
"given": "Rajinder K.",
"sequence": "additional"
},
{
"affiliation": [],
"family": "Jain",
"given": "Khushbu",
"sequence": "additional"
},
{
"affiliation": [],
"family": "Basavaraddi",
"given": "Ishwar V.",
"sequence": "additional"
}
],
"container-title": "Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine",
"container-title-short": "Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine",
"content-domain": {
"crossmark-restriction": false,
"domain": []
},
"created": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
5,
6
]
],
"date-time": "2022-05-06T09:08:59Z",
"timestamp": 1651828139000
},
"deposited": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
5,
6
]
],
"date-time": "2022-05-06T09:09:27Z",
"timestamp": 1651828167000
},
"indexed": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
5,
6
]
],
"date-time": "2022-05-06T09:42:51Z",
"timestamp": 1651830171838
},
"is-referenced-by-count": 0,
"issued": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
5
]
]
},
"language": "en",
"license": [
{
"URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/",
"content-version": "tdm",
"delay-in-days": 0,
"start": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
5,
1
]
],
"date-time": "2022-05-01T00:00:00Z",
"timestamp": 1651363200000
}
},
{
"URL": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
"content-version": "vor",
"delay-in-days": 0,
"start": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
4,
30
]
],
"date-time": "2022-04-30T00:00:00Z",
"timestamp": 1651276800000
}
}
],
"link": [
{
"URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0975947622000456?httpAccept=text/xml",
"content-type": "text/xml",
"content-version": "vor",
"intended-application": "text-mining"
},
{
"URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0975947622000456?httpAccept=text/plain",
"content-type": "text/plain",
"content-version": "vor",
"intended-application": "text-mining"
}
],
"member": "78",
"original-title": [],
"page": "100586",
"prefix": "10.1016",
"published": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
5
]
]
},
"published-print": {
"date-parts": [
[
2022,
5
]
]
},
"publisher": "Elsevier BV",
"reference": [
{
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib1",
"unstructured": "WHO: WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1002/jmv.25914",
"article-title": "Psychological stress of medical staff during outbreak of COVID‐19 and adjustment strategy",
"author": "Wu",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "1962",
"journal-title": "Journal of Medical Virology",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib2",
"volume": "92",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1002/brb3.1837",
"article-title": "Mental health and quality of life among healthcare professionals during the COVID‐19 pandemic in India",
"author": "Suryavanshi",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"journal-title": "Brain and Behavior",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib3",
"volume": "10",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1177/0253717620933992",
"article-title": "Prevalence and Predictors of Stress, anxiety, and Depression among Healthcare Workers Managing COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Nationwide Observational Study",
"author": "Wilson",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "353",
"journal-title": "Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib4",
"volume": "42",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.7150/ijbs.45120",
"article-title": "Progression of Mental Health Services during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China",
"author": "Li",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "1732",
"journal-title": "International Journal of Biological Sciences",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib5",
"volume": "16",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104787",
"article-title": "The FDA-approved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro",
"author": "Caly",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "104787",
"journal-title": "Antiviral Research",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib6",
"volume": "178",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1038/s41467-019-13940-6",
"article-title": "Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV",
"author": "Sheahan",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"journal-title": "Nature Communications",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib7",
"volume": "11",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1101/2020.01.27.921627",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib8",
"unstructured": "Xu Z, Peng C, Shi Y, Zhu Z, Mu K, Wang X and Zhu W: Nelfinavir was predicted to be a potential inhibitor of 2019-nCov main protease by an integrative approach combining homology modelling, molecular docking and binding free energy calculation. 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.27.921627 DOI: 10.1101/2020.01.27.921627"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1038/d41573-020-00016-0",
"article-title": "Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)",
"author": "Li",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "149",
"journal-title": "Nature Reviews Drug Discovery",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib9",
"volume": "19",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1080/10408398.2015.1077195",
"article-title": "Curcumin, an active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), and its effects on health",
"author": "Koca Adam",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "2889",
"journal-title": "Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib10",
"volume": "57",
"year": "2015"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1080/08952841.2017.1295689",
"article-title": "Yoga stretching for improving salivary immune function and mental stress in middle-aged and older adults",
"author": "Eda",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "227",
"journal-title": "Journal of Women & Aging",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib11",
"volume": "30",
"year": "2017"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104743",
"article-title": "Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 treatment",
"author": "Ren",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "104743",
"journal-title": "Pharmacological Research",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib12",
"volume": "155",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1002/jmv.25707",
"article-title": "Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review",
"author": "Zhang",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "479",
"journal-title": "Journal of Medical Virology",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib13",
"volume": "92",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.4103/ijoy.IJOY_27_20",
"article-title": "Yoga for COVID-19",
"author": "Nagendra",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "87",
"journal-title": "International Journal of Yoga",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib14",
"volume": "13",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.04.009",
"article-title": "Induction of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines by respiratory viruses and reversal by standardized Echinacea, a potent antiviral herbal extract",
"author": "Sharma",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "165",
"journal-title": "Antiviral Research",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib15",
"volume": "83",
"year": "2009"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1155/2020/2560645",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib16",
"unstructured": "Nugraha RV, Ridwansyah H, Ghozali M, Khairani AF and Atik N: Traditional Herbal Medicine Candidates as Complementary Treatments for COVID-19: A Review of Their Mechanisms, Pros and Cons. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2020; 2020:1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2560645 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2560645"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1440-1843.2003.00528.x",
"article-title": "Randomized trial of yoga as a complementary therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis",
"author": "Visweswaraiah",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "96",
"journal-title": "Respirology",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib17",
"volume": "9",
"year": "2004"
},
{
"DOI": "10.4103/0973-6131.171723",
"article-title": "Effect of Integrated Yoga (IY) on psychological states and CD4 counts of HIV-1 infected Patients: A Randomized controlled pilot study",
"author": "Metri",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "57",
"journal-title": "International Journal of Yoga",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib18",
"volume": "9",
"year": "2016"
},
{
"DOI": "10.4103/0019-5545.116304",
"article-title": "Effect of yoga therapy on anxiety and depressive symptoms and quality-of-life among caregivers of in-patients with neurological disorders at a tertiary care center in India: A randomized controlled trial",
"author": "Varambally",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "385",
"journal-title": "Indian Journal of Psychiatry",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib19",
"volume": "55",
"year": "2013"
},
{
"DOI": "10.7860/JCDR/2017/27846.10108",
"article-title": "Effect of Pranayama on Ppar-γ, Nf-κB Expressions and Red Complex Microorganisms in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis – A Clinical Trial",
"author": "Mahendra",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"journal-title": "Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib20",
"year": "2017"
},
{
"DOI": "10.4103/ijny.ijoyppp_31_17",
"article-title": "Physiological effect of kriyas: Cleansing techniques",
"author": "Patra",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "3",
"journal-title": "International Journal of Yoga - Philosophy, Psychology and Parapsychology",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib21",
"volume": "5",
"year": "2017"
},
{
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib22",
"unstructured": "Dhanvijay AD, Bagade AH, AKC, Kishanrao SS and dhokne N: Alternate Nostril Breathing and Autonomic Function in Healthy Young Adults. 2015. Available from: https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jdms/papers/Vol14-issue3/Version-6/M014366265.pdf"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1016/j.jaim.2017.07.008",
"article-title": "Effects of yogic breath regulation: A narrative review of scientific evidence",
"author": "Saoji",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "50",
"journal-title": "Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib23",
"volume": "10",
"year": "2019"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2362.2004.01384.x",
"article-title": "Humming-induced release of nasal nitric oxide for assessment of sinus obstruction in allergic rhinitis: pilot study",
"author": "Maniscalco",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "555",
"journal-title": "European Journal of Clinical Investigation",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib24",
"volume": "34",
"year": "2004"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1183/09031936.03.00017903",
"article-title": "Assessment of nasal and sinus nitric oxide output using single-breath humming exhalations",
"author": "Maniscalco",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "323",
"journal-title": "European Respiratory Journal",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib25",
"volume": "22",
"year": "2003"
},
{
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib26",
"unstructured": "Saraswati SS Thoracic breathing in Pranayama. In: Asana, Pranayama, Mudra, Bandha. 3rd Edition. Yoga Publication Trust; Munger, Bihar, India. 2004: 363-378."
},
{
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib27",
"unstructured": "Michalsen A, Grossman P, Aci A, Langhorst J, Lüdtke R, Esch T, Stefano GB and Dobos G: Rapid stress reduction and anxiolysis among distressed women as a consequence of a three-month intensive yoga program. 2005. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16319785/"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1159/000216188",
"article-title": "Enhancing versus Suppressive Effects of Stress on Immune Function: Implications for Immunoprotection and Immunopathology",
"author": "Dhabhar",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "300",
"journal-title": "Neuroimmunomodulation",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib28",
"volume": "16",
"year": "2009"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1037/0033-2909.130.4.601",
"article-title": "Psychological Stress and the Human Immune System: A Meta-Analytic Study of 30 Years of Inquiry",
"author": "Segerstrom",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "601",
"journal-title": "Psychological Bulletin",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib29",
"volume": "130",
"year": "2004"
},
{
"DOI": "10.3390/jpm10030119",
"article-title": "Application of Noninvasive Vagal Nerve Stimulation to Stress-Related Psychiatric Disorders",
"author": "Bremner",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "119",
"journal-title": "Journal of Personalized Medicine",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib30",
"volume": "10",
"year": "2020"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1089/acm.2016.0135",
"article-title": "Effects of Yoga on Heart Rate Variability and Depressive Symptoms in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial",
"author": "Chu",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "310",
"journal-title": "The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib31",
"volume": "23",
"year": "2017"
},
{
"DOI": "10.1007/s40473-014-0010-5",
"article-title": "Vagus Nerve Stimulation",
"author": "Howland",
"doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
"first-page": "64",
"journal-title": "Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports",
"key": "10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100586_bib32",
"volume": "1",
"year": "2014"
}
],
"reference-count": 32,
"references-count": 32,
"relation": {},
"resource": {
"primary": {
"URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0975947622000456"
}
},
"score": 1,
"short-title": [],
"source": "Crossref",
"subject": [
"Complementary and alternative medicine",
"Drug Discovery"
],
"subtitle": [],
"title": "Efficacy of Pranayama in Preventing COVID-19 in Exposed Healthcare Professionals: A Quasi-Randomized Clinical Trial",
"type": "journal-article"
}
