Fluvoxamine reduces COVID-19 risk: real-time meta analysis of 21 studies

Covid Analysis, May 2025

Source

PDF

All
Studies

Meta
Analysis

https://c19early.org/cafmeta.html

Fluvoxamine

29th treatment shown to reduce risk in November 2021, now with p = 0.00014 from 21 studies, recognized in 2 countries.

Lower risk for mortality, hospitalization, progression, recovery, and cases.

No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.

5,700+ studies for 135 treatments. c19early.org

Significantly lower risk is seen for mortality, hospitalization, progression, recovery, and cases. 14 studies from 14 independent teams in 8 countries show significant benefit.

Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 39% [21‑52%] lower risk. Results are similar for Randomized Controlled Trials.

Results are very robust — in exclusion sensitivity analysis 12 of 21 studies must be excluded to avoid finding statistically significant efficacy in pooled analysis.

Control Fluvoxamine

No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine safe and effective options with individual risk/benefit analysis and monitoring. Other treatments are more effective. All data and sources to reproduce this analysis are in the appendix.

8 other meta analyses show significant improvements with fluvoxamine for mortality1,2, hospitalization1,3-7, progression2,7, and severity8.

8 meta analyses show significant improvements with fluvoxamine for mortality1,2, hospitalization1,3-7, progression2,7, and severity8.

Important missing comments or errors? Let us know.

1. Deng et al., Efficacy and safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in COVID-19 management: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Clinical Microbiology and Infection, doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2023.01.010.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com, doi.org.

2. Prasanth et al., A systematic review and meta-analysis, investigating dose and time of fluvoxamine treatment efficacy for COVID-19 clinical deterioration, death, and Long-COVID complications, Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-024-64260-9.nature.com, doi.org.

3. Lee et al., Fluvoxamine for Outpatient Management of COVID-19 to Prevent Hospitalization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, JAMA Network Open, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.6269.jamanetwork.com, doi.org.

4. Lu et al., Effect of fluvoxamine on outcomes of nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Journal of Infection and Public Health, doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2022.10.010.sciencedirect.com, doi.org.

5. Marcec et al., A meta-analysis regarding fluvoxamine and hospitalization risk of COVID-19 patients: TOGETHER making a difference, Journal of Infection, doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.11.011.sciencedirect.com, doi.org.

6. Deng (B) et al., Evaluating fluvoxamine for the outpatient treatment of COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis, Reviews in Medical Virology, doi:10.1002/rmv.2501.wiley.com, doi.org.

7. Zhou et al., The efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0300512.plos.org, doi.org.

8. Nakhaee et al., The effect of antidepressants on the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267423.plos.org, doi.org.

Covid Analysis et al., May 2025, preprint, 1 author.

This Paper Fluvoxamine All

Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. IMA and WCH provide treatment protocols.

Submit

Post

@CovidAnalysis

FAQ

Public domain CC0 1.0