Clinical profile and Predictors of Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with Laboratory-Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Nigeria: A Retrospective Analysis of 13 High Burden States in Nigeria

Yilgwan et al., Nigerian Medical Journal, 64:2, May 2023
Mortality 67% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk Azithromycin  Yilgwan et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with azithromycin beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 3,462 patients in Nigeria (February 2020 - August 2021) Lower mortality with azithromycin (p=0.00011) c19early.org Yilgwan et al., Nigerian Medical J., May 2023 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
Retrospective 3,462 hospitalized COVID-19 patients across 13 states in Nigiera, showing lower mortality with AZ. Authors note the worse results with a combination of CQ/HCQ and AZ, compared to either alone, may be related to the side effects becoming more significant for late stage patients.
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risk of death, 67.0% lower, OR 0.33, p < 0.001, treatment 1,619, control 1,843, RR approximated with OR.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Yilgwan et al., 11 May 2023, retrospective, Nigeria, peer-reviewed, 12 authors, study period 25 February, 2020 - 30 August, 2021.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org September 2026 Nigeria Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar South Africa Peru Philippines USA Brazil France Italy Canada Pakistan Spain Vietnam Japan Nepal Iran Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea United Kingdom Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Uzbekistan India China Taiwan Fiji Zambia Bosnia-Herzegovina Dominican Republic Bolivia Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Togo Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Iceland New Zealand Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Czechia Belarus Israel Haiti North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia Nigeria favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was high.Low-cost treatments improve early treatment, andprovide complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org September 2026 Nigeria Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar South Africa Peru Philippines USA Brazil France Italy Canada Pakistan Spain Vietnam Japan Iran Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea United Kingdom Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Uzbekistan India China Taiwan Fiji Zambia Dominican Rep. Bolivia Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Togo Sri Lanka Bulgaria Greece Slovakia New Zealand Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Czechia Belarus Israel North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia Nigeria favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy was high.Low-cost protocols improve early treatment,and add complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Late treatment
is less effective
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