Azithromycin in addition to standard of care versus standard of care alone in the treatment of patients admitted to the hospital with severe COVID-19 in Brazil (COALITION II): a randomised clinical trial

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 3, 13]], 'date-time': '2024-03-13T13:05:47Z', 'timestamp': 1710335147470}, 'reference-count': 29, 'publisher': 'Elsevier BV', 'issue': '10256', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2020, 10, 1]], 'date-time': '2020-10-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1601510400000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/'}], 'content-domain': { 'domain': [ 'clinicalkey.fr', 'clinicalkey.jp', 'clinicalkey.com.au', 'clinicalkey.es', 'clinicalkey.com', 'em-consulte.com', 'thelancet.com', 'elsevier.com', 'sciencedirect.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 10]]}, 'DOI': '10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31862-6', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2020, 9, 6]], 'date-time': '2020-09-06T02:30:36Z', 'timestamp': 1599359436000}, 'page': '959-967', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 236, 'title': 'Azithromycin in addition to standard of care versus standard of care alone in the treatment of ' 'patients admitted to the hospital with severe COVID-19 in Brazil (COALITION II): a randomised ' 'clinical trial', 'prefix': '10.1016', 'volume': '396', 'author': [ {'given': 'Remo H M', 'family': 'Furtado', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Otavio', 'family': 'Berwanger', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Henrique A', 'family': 'Fonseca', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Thiago D', 'family': 'Corrêa', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Leonardo R', 'family': 'Ferraz', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Maura G', 'family': 'Lapa', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Fernando G', 'family': 'Zampieri', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Viviane C', 'family': 'Veiga', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Luciano C P', 'family': 'Azevedo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Regis G', 'family': 'Rosa', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Renato D', 'family': 'Lopes', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Alvaro', 'family': 'Avezum', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Airton L O', 'family': 'Manoel', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Felipe M T', 'family': 'Piza', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Priscilla A', 'family': 'Martins', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Thiago C', 'family': 'Lisboa', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Adriano J', 'family': 'Pereira', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Guilherme B', 'family': 'Olivato', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Vicente C S', 'family': 'Dantas', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Eveline P', 'family': 'Milan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Otavio C E', 'family': 'Gebara', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Roberto B', 'family': 'Amazonas', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Monalisa B', 'family': 'Oliveira', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ronaldo V P', 'family': 'Soares', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Diogo D F', 'family': 'Moia', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Luciana P A', 'family': 'Piano', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Kleber', 'family': 'Castilho', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Roberta G R A P', 'family': 'Momesso', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Guilherme P P', 'family': 'Schettino', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Luiz Vicente', 'family': 'Rizzo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ary Serpa', 'family': 'Neto', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Flávia R', 'family': 'Machado', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Alexandre B', 'family': 'Cavalcanti', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '78', 'reference': [ { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib1', 'series-title': 'Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 165', 'year': '2020'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949', 'article-title': 'Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results ' 'of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial', 'volume': '56', 'author': 'Gautret', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Int J Antimicrob Agents'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '302', 'DOI': '10.3389/fimmu.2018.00302', 'article-title': 'The immunomodulatory effects of macrolides—a systematic review of the ' 'underlying mechanisms', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Zimmermann', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'Front Immunol'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '90', 'DOI': '10.1186/1465-9921-11-90', 'article-title': 'Azithromycin attenuates airway inflammation in a mouse model of viral ' 'bronchiolitis', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'Beigelman', 'year': '2010', 'journal-title': 'Respir Res'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '804', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.phrs.2016.07.033', 'article-title': 'Clarithromycin prevents human respiratory syncytial virus-induced ' 'airway epithelial responses by modulating activation of interferon ' 'regulatory factor-3', 'volume': '111', 'author': 'Yamamoto', 'year': '2016', 'journal-title': 'Pharmacol Res'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1331', 'DOI': '10.1164/rccm.200402-200OC', 'article-title': 'Azithromycin blocks neutrophil recruitment in Pseudomonas endobronchial ' 'infection', 'volume': '170', 'author': 'Tsai', 'year': '2004', 'journal-title': 'Am J Respir Crit Care Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1033', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0', 'article-title': 'COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'Mehta', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1881', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa1003833', 'article-title': 'Azithromycin and the risk of cardiovascular death', 'volume': '366', 'author': 'Ray', 'year': '2012', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1834', 'article-title': 'Risk of QT interval prolongation associated with use of ' 'hydroxychloroquine with or without concomitant azithromycin among ' 'hospitalized patients testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 ' '(COVID-19)', 'author': 'Mercuro', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA Cardiol'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '303', 'DOI': '10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048238', 'article-title': 'Cardiovascular toxicities associated with hydroxychloroquine and ' 'azithromycin: an analysis of the World Health Organization ' 'pharmacovigilance database', 'volume': '142', 'author': 'Nguyen', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Circulation'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2493', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.8630', 'article-title': 'Association of treatment with hydroxychloroquine or azithromycin with ' 'in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 in New York State', 'volume': '323', 'author': 'Rosenberg', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101738', 'article-title': 'Early treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine and ' 'azithromycin: a retrospective analysis of 1061 cases in Marseille, ' 'France', 'volume': '35', 'author': 'Million', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Travel Med Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '384', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.006', 'article-title': 'No evidence of rapid antiviral clearance or clinical benefit with the ' 'combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in patients with ' 'severe COVID-19 infection', 'volume': '50', 'author': 'Molina', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Med Mal Infect'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2019014', 'article-title': 'Hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin in mild-to-moderate ' 'Covid-19', 'author': 'Cavalcanti', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '269', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0', 'article-title': 'Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged ' 'novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro', 'volume': '30', 'author': 'Wang', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Cell Res'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib16', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2007764', 'article-title': 'Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19 — preliminary report', 'author': 'Beigel', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib17', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1787', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2001282', 'article-title': 'A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe ' 'Covid-19', 'volume': '382', 'author': 'Cao', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib19', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '63', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13613-020-00678-4', 'article-title': 'Lack of viral clearance by the combination of hydroxychloroquine and ' 'azithromycin or lopinavir and ritonavir in SARS-CoV-2-related acute ' 'respiratory distress syndrome', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'Hraiech', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Ann Intensive Care'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1069', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.chest.2016.11.012', 'article-title': 'Efficacy of clarithromycin-naproxen-oseltamivir combination in the ' 'treatment of patients hospitalized for influenza A(H3N2) infection: an ' 'open-label randomized, controlled, phase IIb/III trial', 'volume': '151', 'author': 'Hung', 'year': '2017', 'journal-title': 'Chest'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '693', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00134-013-2829-8', 'article-title': 'Macrolide-based regimens in absence of bacterial co-infection in ' 'critically ill H1N1 patients with primary viral pneumonia', 'volume': '39', 'author': 'Martín-Loeches', 'year': '2013', 'journal-title': 'Intensive Care Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib22', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '184', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.041', 'article-title': 'Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East respiratory ' 'syndrome', 'volume': '81', 'author': 'Arabi', 'year': '2019', 'journal-title': 'Int J Infect Dis'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '918', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.02.009', 'article-title': 'Adjunctive therapy with azithromycin for moderate and severe acute ' 'respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective, propensity ' 'score-matching analysis of prospectively collected data at a single ' 'center', 'volume': '51', 'author': 'Kawamura', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'Int J Antimicrob Agents'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib24', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e45', 'DOI': '10.1164/rccm.201908-1581ST', 'article-title': 'Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An ' 'official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society ' 'and Infectious Diseases Society of America', 'volume': '200', 'author': 'Metlay', 'year': '2019', 'journal-title': 'Am J Respir Crit Care Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib25', 'article-title': 'Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19—preliminary report', 'author': 'Horby', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib26', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1054', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3', 'article-title': 'Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with ' 'COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'Zhou', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib27', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '808', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41591-020-0888-2', 'article-title': 'The QT interval in patients with COVID-19 treated with ' 'hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'Chorin', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Nat Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib28', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2173', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jacc.2015.09.029', 'article-title': 'The role of macrolide antibiotics in increasing cardiovascular risk', 'volume': '66', 'author': 'Cheng', 'year': '2015', 'journal-title': 'J Am Coll Cardiol'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib29', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1895', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.4984', 'article-title': 'Optimizing the trade-off between learning and doing in a pandemic', 'volume': '323', 'author': 'Angus', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'key': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6_bib30', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1695', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31042-4', 'article-title': 'Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir–ritonavir, and ' 'ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with ' 'COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'Hung', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}], 'container-title': 'The Lancet', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0140673620318626?httpAccept=text/xml', 'content-type': 'text/xml', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0140673620318626?httpAccept=text/plain', 'content-type': 'text/plain', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 11, 16]], 'date-time': '2022-11-16T11:06:57Z', 'timestamp': 1668596817000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620318626'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2020, 10]]}, 'references-count': 29, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '10256', 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2020, 10]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['S0140673620318626'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6', 'relation': { 'has-review': [ { 'id-type': 'doi', 'id': '10.3410/f.738621001.793578689', 'asserted-by': 'object'}, { 'id-type': 'doi', 'id': '10.3410/f.738621001.793579609', 'asserted-by': 'object'}]}, 'ISSN': ['0140-6736'], 'subject': ['General Medicine'], 'container-title-short': 'The Lancet', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2020, 10]]}, 'assertion': [ {'value': 'Elsevier', 'name': 'publisher', 'label': 'This article is maintained by'}, { 'value': 'Azithromycin in addition to standard of care versus standard of care alone in ' 'the treatment of patients admitted to the hospital with severe COVID-19 in ' 'Brazil (COALITION II): a randomised clinical trial', 'name': 'articletitle', 'label': 'Article Title'}, {'value': 'The Lancet', 'name': 'journaltitle', 'label': 'Journal Title'}, { 'value': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31862-6', 'name': 'articlelink', 'label': 'CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version'}, { 'value': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31863-8', 'name': 'associatedlink', 'label': 'CrossRef DOI link to the associated document'}, {'value': 'article', 'name': 'content_type', 'label': 'Content Type'}, { 'value': '© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.', 'name': 'copyright', 'label': 'Copyright'}]}