Abstract: medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.14.22278751; this version posted August 16, 2022. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . Real-world evidence with a retrospective cohort of 15,968 Andalusian COVID-19 hospitalized patients suggests 21 new effective treatments and one drug that increases death risk. Carlos Loucera1,2, Rosario Carmona1,2,3, Marina Esteban-Medina1,2, Gerrit Bostelmann1, Dolores Muñoyerro-Muñiz4, Román Villegas4, María Peña-Chilet1,2,3, Joaquin Dopazo1,2,3,5,* 1 Computational Medicine Platform, Andalusian Public Foundation Progress and Health-FPS, Sevilla, 41013, Spain; 2 Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Spain; 3 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). FPS. Hospital Virgen del Rocio. 41013. Sevilla. Spain 4 Subdirección Técnica Asesora de Gestión de la Información. Servicio Andaluz de Salud. 41071, Sevilla, Spain; 5 FPS/ELIXIR-ES, Fundación Progreso y Salud (FPS). CDCA, Hospital Virgen del Rocio. 41013. Sevilla. Spain Abstract Despite the extensive vaccination campaigns in many countries, COVID-19 is still a major worldwide health problem because of its associated morbidity and mortality. Therefore, finding efficient treatments as fast as possible is a pressing need. Drug repurposing constitutes a convenient alternative when the need for new drugs in an unexpected medical scenario is urgent, as is the case with COVID-19. Using data from a central registry of electronic health records (the Andalusian Population Health Database, BPS), the effect of prior consumption of drugs for other indications previous to the hospitalization with respect to patient survival was studied on a retrospective cohort of 15,968 individuals, comprising all COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Andalusia between January and November 2020. Covariate-adjusted hazard ratios and analysis of lymphocyte progression curves support a significant association between consumption of 21 different drugs and better patient survival. Contrarily, one drug, furosemide, displayed a significant increase in patient mortality.