Statistically significant lower risk is seen for recovery and cases. 7 studies from 7 independent teams in 3 countries show significant improvements.
Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 17% [5‑29%] lower risk. Results are similar for peer-reviewed studies.
Results are robust — in exclusion sensitivity analysis 6 of 13 studies must be excluded to avoid finding statistically significant efficacy in pooled analysis.
No treatment or intervention is 100% effective. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. Multiple treatments are typically used in combination, and other treatments are significantly more effective.
All data to reproduce this paper and sources are in the appendix.
Covid Analysis et al., May 2024, preprint, 1 author.