Significantly lower risk is seen for progression, recovery, and cases. 12 studies from 11 independent teams in 4 countries show significant benefit.
Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 20% [-2‑38%] lower risk, without reaching statistical significance. Results are similar for higher quality and peer-reviewed studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine safe and effective options with individual risk/benefit analysis and monitoring. Other treatments are more effective. UDCA currently has no early treatment studies. All data and sources to reproduce this analysis are in the appendix.
Yu et al. present another meta analysis for ursodeoxycholic acid, showing significant improvement for severity.
Covid Analysis et al., Dec 2024, preprint, 1 author.
