Statistically significant lower risk is seen for mortality, progression, and recovery. 11 studies from 10 independent teams in 8 countries show statistically significant improvements.
Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 31% [15‑44%] lower risk. Results are similar for Randomized Controlled Trials and higher quality studies and slightly worse for peer-reviewed studies. Early treatment is more effective than late treatment.
Results are robust — in exclusion sensitivity analysis 4 of 12 studies must be excluded to avoid finding statistically significant efficacy in pooled analysis.
No treatment or intervention is 100% effective. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. Multiple treatments are typically used in combination, and other treatments may be more effective.
All data to reproduce this paper and sources are in the appendix.
Covid Analysis et al., Apr 2024, preprint, 1 author.
