Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Results
Abstract
All vitamin A studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchVitamin AVitamin A (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis       

Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and Covid-like illness: a prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.

Mahjoub et al., Explore, doi:10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009
Jun 2023  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
Recovery, day 30 67% Improvement Relative Risk Recovery, day 15 57% Recovery, day 10 41% Recovery, day 5 24% Vitamin A  Mahjoub et al.  EARLY TREATMENT  DB RCT Is early treatment with melatonin, zinc, vitamins A-E beneficial for COVID-19? Double-blind RCT 164 patients in Tunisia (January - February 2023) Improved recovery with melatonin, zinc, vitamins A-E (not stat. sig., p=0.32) c19early.org Mahjoub et al., Explore, June 2023 Favorsvitamin A Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
Vitamin A for COVID-19
42nd treatment shown to reduce risk in June 2023, now with p = 0.021 from 14 studies.
Lower risk for recovery and cases.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 109 treatments. c19early.org
RCT 164 low-risk (no hospitalizations) patients in Tunisia, showing improved recovery with zinc, melatonin, and vitamins A-E. This study includes COVID-19 and COVID-like illness, with 49% of 128 patients receiving a PCR test being COVID-19 PCR+ at baseline.
25mg zinc, 2mg melatonin, 40mg vitamin C, 2.5mcg vitamin D, 10mcg provitamin A, 0.65mg vitamin B1, 0.7mg B2, 8mg B3, 3mg B5, 0.7mg B6, 25mcg B8, 100mcg B9, 1.25mcg B12, and 6mg vitamin E daily.
This study is excluded in meta analysis: combined treatments may contribute more to the effect seen.
Study covers melatonin, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin B9, and vitamin B12.
risk of no recovery, 66.7% lower, RR 0.33, p = 0.32, treatment 0 of 82 (0.0%), control 1 of 82 (1.2%), NNT 82, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), day 30.
risk of no recovery, 57.1% lower, RR 0.43, p = 0.05, treatment 6 of 82 (7.3%), control 14 of 82 (17.1%), NNT 10, day 15.
risk of no recovery, 40.7% lower, RR 0.59, p = 0.04, treatment 16 of 82 (19.5%), control 27 of 82 (32.9%), NNT 7.5, day 10.
risk of no recovery, 24.1% lower, RR 0.76, p = 0.04, treatment 44 of 82 (53.7%), control 58 of 82 (70.7%), NNT 5.9, day 5.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Mahjoub et al., 20 Jun 2023, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, Tunisia, peer-reviewed, 15 authors, study period 2 January, 2023 - 4 February, 2023, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (melatonin, zinc, vitamins A-E) - results of individual treatments may vary. Contact: jaballahrahma27@gmail.com, mhjoub.lobna@gmail.com, rymm.youssef@gmail.com, hajermedecin@gmail.com, bensalah.houda2@gmail.com, mejrimouez@gmail.com, adel.sekma@gmail.com, imentrabelsi@hotmail.fr, semir.nouira.urg@gmail.com, mariemkhrouf@yahoo.fr, bensoltanehouda@yahoo.fr, ziedmezgar@gmail.com, lotfibk@hotmail.fr, asmazorgati@yahoo.fr, riadboukef@gmail.com.
This PaperVitamin AAll
Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and Covid-like illness: a prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.
Lobna Mahjoub, MD Rym Youssef, MD Hajer Yaakoubi, Houda Ben Salah, MD Rahma Jaballah, MD Moez Mejri, MD Adel Sekma, MD Imen Trabelsi, Semir Nouira, MD Mariem Khrouf, MD Houda Ben Soltane, MD Zied Mezgar, MD Lotfi Boukadida, MD Asma Zorgati, MD Riadh Boukef
EXPLORE, doi:10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009
Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and Covid-like illness: a prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.
Conclusion: Among non-hospitalized patients presenting to the emergency department with Covid-19 and Covid-like illness, daily doses of Melatonin, zinc and multivitamin compared with placebo, did significantly reduce the duration of symptoms accelerating its disappearance without developing complications or necessitating hospitalization or experiencing adverse events . The findings do support the use of this association for the treatment of COVID-19.
References
Abdallah, Mhalla, Trabelsi, Sekma, Youssef et al., Twice-Daily Oral Zinc in the Treatment of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial, Clin Infect Dis
Abrams, Szefler, COVID-19 and the impact of social determinants of health, Lancet Respir Med
Anderson, Reiter, Melatonin: Roles in influenza, Covid-19, and other viral infections, Rev Med Virol
Bacchetti, Current sample size conventions: Flaws, harms, and alternatives, BMC Med
Bae, Kim, The Role of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Selenium in Immune System against COVID-19, Molecules
Baker, Critical care in low-income countries, Trop Med Int Health TM IH
Bello, Akinnawo, Akpunne, Mopa-Egbunu, Knowledge of COVID-19 and preventive measures on self-medication practices among Nigerian undergraduates
Bilezikian, Bikle, Hewison, Lazaretti-Castro, Formenti et al., MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Vitamin D and COVID-19, Eur J Endocrinol
Castillo, Costa, Barrios, Díaz, None
Chitimus, Popescu, Voiculescu, Panaitescu, Pavel et al., Melatonin"s Impact on Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Reprogramming in Homeostasis and Disease, Biomolecules
Coronavirus, None
Corrao, Bocchio, Monaco, Natoli, Cavezzi et al., Does Evidence Exist to Blunt Inflammatory Response by Nutraceutical Supplementation during COVID-19 Pandemic? An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Melatonin, and Zinc, Nutrients
Dardenne, Zinc and immune function, Eur J Clin Nutr
Elamir, Amir, Lim, Rana, Lopez et al., A randomized pilot study using calcitriol in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, Bone
Farnoosh, Akbariqomi, Badri, Bagheri, Izadi et al., Efficacy of a Low Dose of Melatonin as an Adjunctive Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial, Arch Med Res
Feikin, Higdon, Abu-Raddad, Andrews, Araos et al., Duration of effectiveness of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease: results of a systematic review and meta-regression. The Lancet
Habtemariam, Daglia, Sureda, Selamoglu, Gulhan et al., Melatonin and Respiratory Diseases: A Review, Curr Top Med Chem
Hamulka, Jeruszka-Bielak, Górnicka, Drywień, Zielinska-Pukos, Dietary Supplements during COVID-19 Outbreak. Results of Google Trends Analysis Supported by PLifeCOVID-19 Online Studies, Nutrients
Hasan, Atrakji, Mehuaiden, The Effect of Melatonin on Thrombosis, Sepsis and Mortality Rate in COVID-19 Patients, Int J Infect Dis IJID Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis
Haskologlu, Erdag, Sayiner, Abacioglu, Sehirli, Melatonin and REGN-CoV2 combination as a vaccine adjuvant for Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, Mol Biol Rep
Huang, Cao, Liu, Shi, Wei, Inhibitory effect of melatonin on lung oxidative stress induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice, J Pineal Res
Kaur, Gupta, Saraf, Saraf, Zinc: The Metal of Life, Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf
Kumari, Dembra, Dembra, Bhawna, Gul et al., The Role of Vitamin C as Adjuvant Therapy in COVID-19, Cureus
Majidi, Rabbani, Gholami, Gholamalizadeh, Bourbour et al., The Effect of Vitamin C on Pathological Parameters and Survival Duration of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Front Immunol
Margolin, Luchins, Margolin, Margolin, Lefkowitz, 20-Week Study of Clinical Outcomes of Over-the-Counter COVID-19 Prophylaxis and Treatment, J Evid-Based Integr Med
Martín-Blanco, Zamorano, Lizárraga, Molina-Moreno, The Impact of COVID-19 on the Sustainable Development Goals: Achievements and Expectations, Int J Environ Res Public Health
Miranda, Bouillon, Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study, J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol
Mj, Self-medication during Covid-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities. Drugs Ther Perspect Ration Drug Sel Use
Murai, Fernandes, Sales, Pinto, Goessler et al., Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D3 on Hospital Length of Stay in Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA
Patel, Chinni, El-Khoury, Perera, Neto et al., A pilot double-blind safety and feasibility randomized controlled trial of high-dose intravenous zinc in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, J Med Virol
Read, Parnell, Booth, Douglas, George et al., The antiviral role of zinc and metallothioneins in hepatitis C infection, J Viral Hepat
Reiter, Ma, Sharma, Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin "goes viral, Melatonin Res
Shaffer, Lots of long COVID treatment leads, but few are proven, Proc Natl Acad Sci
Shakoor, Feehan, Dhaheri, Ali, Platat et al., Immuneboosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? Maturitas
Sharif, Alzahrani, Sn, Dey, Efficacy, Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Front Immunol
Sánchez-Rico, De La Muela, Herrera-Morueco, Geoffroy, Limosin et al., Melatonin does not reduce mortality in adult hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective observational study, J Travel Med
Thomas, Patel, Bittel, Wolski, Wang et al., Effect of High-Dose Zinc and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation vs Usual Care on Symptom Length and Reduction Among Ambulatory Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection, JAMA Netw Open
Vlieg-Boerstra, De, Meyer, Agostoni, Cosmi et al., Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Allergy
Yip, Chang, Wallace, Chang, Tsai et al., Melatonin treatment improves adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute lung ischemiareperfusion injury, J Pineal Res
Zhang, Wang, Ni, Di, Ma et al., COVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment, Life Sci
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 21]], 'date-time': '2023-06-21T04:25:20Z', 'timestamp': 1687321520013}, 'reference-count': 42, 'publisher': 'Elsevier BV', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-06-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1685577600000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-06-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1685577600000}, 'content-version': 'stm-asf', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-017'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-06-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1685577600000}, 'content-version': 'stm-asf', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-037'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-06-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1685577600000}, 'content-version': 'stm-asf', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-012'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-06-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1685577600000}, 'content-version': 'stm-asf', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-06-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1685577600000}, 'content-version': 'stm-asf', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-004'}], 'content-domain': { 'domain': [ 'clinicalkey.com.au', 'clinicalkey.com', 'elsevier.com', 'sciencedirect.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6]]}, 'DOI': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 21]], 'date-time': '2023-06-21T01:04:11Z', 'timestamp': 1687309451000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/elsevier_cm_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and Covid-like ' 'illness: a prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.', 'prefix': '10.1016', 'author': [ {'given': 'Lobna', 'family': 'MAHJOUB', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Rym', 'family': 'YOUSSEF', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Hajer', 'family': 'YAAKOUBI', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Houda BEN', 'family': 'SALAH', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Rahma', 'family': 'JABALLAH', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Moez', 'family': 'MEJRI', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Adel', 'family': 'SEKMA', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Imen', 'family': 'TRABELSI', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Semir', 'family': 'NOUIRA', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Mariem', 'family': 'KHROUF', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Houda BEN', 'family': 'SOLTANE', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Zied', 'family': 'MEZGAR', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Lotfi', 'family': 'BOUKADIDA', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Asma', 'family': 'ZORGATI', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Riadh', 'family': 'BOUKEF', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '78', 'reference': [ { 'issue': '7', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0001', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '659', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30234-4', 'article-title': 'COVID-19 and the impact of social determinants of health', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Abrams', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir Med'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0002', 'unstructured': 'Tunisia COVID - Coronavirus Statistics - Worldometer [Internet]. [cited ' '2023 Mar 7]. Available from: ' 'https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/tunisia/'}, { 'issue': '10328', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0003', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '924', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00152-0', 'article-title': 'Duration of effectiveness of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and ' 'COVID-19 disease: results of a systematic review and meta-regression', 'volume': '399', 'author': 'Feikin', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'The Lancet'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0004', 'article-title': 'Self-medication during Covid-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities', 'volume': '36', 'author': 'M', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Drugs Ther Perspect Ration Drug Sel Use [Internet]'}, { 'issue': '9', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0005', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1211', 'DOI': '10.3390/biom10091211', 'article-title': "Melatonin's Impact on Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Reprogramming " 'in Homeostasis and Disease', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'Chitimus', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Biomolecules'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0006', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '4061', 'DOI': '10.1007/s11033-022-07419-9', 'article-title': 'Melatonin and REGN-CoV2 combination as a vaccine adjuvant for Omicron ' 'variant of SARS-CoV-2', 'volume': '49', 'author': 'Haskologlu', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Mol Biol Rep'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0007', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '491', 'DOI': '10.1111/jvh.12845', 'article-title': 'The antiviral role of zinc and metallothioneins in hepatitis C ' 'infection', 'volume': '25', 'author': 'Read', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'J Viral Hepat'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0008', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003', 'article-title': 'Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 ' 'fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?', 'volume': '143', 'author': 'Shakoor', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Maturitas'}, { 'issue': '22', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0009', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '5346', 'DOI': '10.3390/molecules25225346', 'article-title': 'The Role of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Selenium in Immune System against ' 'COVID-19', 'volume': '25', 'author': 'Bae', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Molecules'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0010', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '54', 'DOI': '10.3390/nu13010054', 'article-title': 'Dietary Supplements during COVID-19 Outbreak. Results of Google Trends ' 'Analysis Supported by PLifeCOVID-19 Online Studies', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Hamulka', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Nutrients'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0011', 'unstructured': 'Coronavirus [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 7]. Available from: ' 'https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_3'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0012', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '17', 'DOI': '10.1186/1741-7015-8-17', 'article-title': 'Current sample size conventions: Flaws, harms, and alternatives', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Bacchetti', 'year': '2010', 'journal-title': 'BMC Med'}, { 'issue': '23', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0013', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '16266', 'DOI': '10.3390/ijerph192316266', 'article-title': 'The Impact of COVID-19 on the Sustainable Development Goals: ' 'Achievements and Expectations', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'Martín-Blanco', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Int J Environ Res Public Health'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0014', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.3389/fimmu.2021.714170', 'article-title': 'Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and ' 'Meta-Analysis', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Sharif', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Front Immunol'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0015', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1080/23311983.2022.2049480', 'article-title': 'Knowledge of COVID-19 and preventive measures on self-medication ' 'practices among Nigerian undergraduates', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Bello', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Cogent Arts Humanit'}, { 'issue': '36', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0016', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1073/pnas.2213524119', 'article-title': 'Lots of long COVID treatment leads, but few are proven', 'volume': '119', 'author': 'Shaffer', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0017', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1373', 'DOI': '10.1111/all.15136', 'article-title': 'Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract ' 'infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis', 'volume': '77', 'author': 'Vlieg-Boerstra', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Allergy'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0018', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117583', 'article-title': 'COVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment', 'volume': '250', 'author': 'Zhang', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Life Sci'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0019', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '109', 'DOI': '10.1111/j.1600-079X.2009.00733.x', 'article-title': 'Inhibitory effect of melatonin on lung oxidative stress induced by ' 'respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice', 'volume': '48', 'author': 'Huang', 'year': '2010', 'journal-title': 'J Pineal Res'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0020', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '207', 'DOI': '10.1111/jpi.12020', 'article-title': 'Melatonin treatment improves adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell ' 'therapy for acute lung ischemia-reperfusion injury', 'volume': '54', 'author': 'Yip', 'year': '2013', 'journal-title': 'J Pineal Res'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0021', 'unstructured': 'Melatonin Alleviates Radiation-Induced Lung Injury via Regulation of ' 'miR-30e/NLRP3 Axis - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 7]. Available ' 'from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30755784/'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0022', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e2109', 'DOI': '10.1002/rmv.2109', 'article-title': 'Melatonin: Roles in influenza, Covid-19, and other viral infections', 'volume': '30', 'author': 'Anderson', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Rev Med Virol'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0023', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '467', 'DOI': '10.2174/1568026616666160824120338', 'article-title': 'Melatonin and Respiratory Diseases: A Review', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'Habtemariam', 'year': '2017', 'journal-title': 'Curr Top Med Chem'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0024', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '43', 'DOI': '10.32794/mr11250047', 'article-title': 'Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin “goes viral', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'Reiter', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Melatonin Res'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0025', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '79', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.06.006', 'article-title': 'Efficacy of a Low Dose of Melatonin as an Adjunctive Therapy in ' 'Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Randomized, Double-blind ' 'Clinical Trial', 'volume': '53', 'author': 'Farnoosh', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Arch Med Res'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0026', 'first-page': '79', 'article-title': 'The Effect of Melatonin on Thrombosis, Sepsis and Mortality Rate in ' 'COVID-19 Patients', 'volume': '114', 'author': 'Hasan', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Int J Infect Dis IJID Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0027', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'taab195', 'DOI': '10.1093/jtm/taab195', 'article-title': 'Melatonin does not reduce mortality in adult hospitalized patients with ' 'COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective observational study', 'volume': '29', 'author': 'Sánchez-Rico', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'J Travel Med'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0028', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '358', 'DOI': '10.1111/1541-4337.12067', 'article-title': 'Zinc: The Metal of Life', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Kaur', 'year': '2014', 'journal-title': 'Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0029', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'S20', 'DOI': '10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601479', 'article-title': 'Zinc and immune function', 'volume': '56', 'author': 'Dardenne', 'year': '2002', 'journal-title': 'Eur J Clin Nutr'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0030', 'year': '2023', 'journal-title': 'Zinc and Respiratory Viral Infections: Important Trace Element in ' 'Anti-viral Response and Immune Regulation - PMC [Internet]'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0031', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '185', 'DOI': '10.1093/cid/ciac807', 'article-title': 'Twice-Daily Oral Zinc in the Treatment of Patients With Coronavirus ' 'Disease 2019: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial', 'volume': '76', 'author': 'Ben Abdallah', 'year': '2023', 'journal-title': 'Clin Infect Dis'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0032', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '3261', 'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.26895', 'article-title': 'A pilot double-blind safety and feasibility randomized controlled trial ' 'of high-dose intravenous zinc in hospitalized COVID-19 patients', 'volume': '93', 'author': 'Patel', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Med Virol'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0033', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1177/2515690X211026193', 'article-title': '20-Week Study of Clinical Outcomes of Over-the-Counter COVID-19 ' 'Prophylaxis and Treatment', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'Margolin', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Evid-Based Integr Med'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0034', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0369', 'article-title': 'Effect of High-Dose Zinc and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation vs Usual ' 'Care on Symptom Length and Reduction Among Ambulatory Patients With ' 'SARS-CoV-2 Infection', 'volume': '4', 'author': 'Thomas', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'JAMA Netw Open'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0035', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.3389/fimmu.2021.717816', 'article-title': 'The Effect of Vitamin C on Pathological Parameters and Survival ' 'Duration of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: A ' 'Randomized Clinical Trial', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Majidi', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Front Immunol.'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0036', 'unstructured': 'Kumari P, Dembra S, Dembra P, Bhawna F, Gul A, Ali B, et al. The Role of ' 'Vitamin C as Adjuvant Therapy in COVID-19. Cureus. 12 (11):e11779.'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0037', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'R133', 'DOI': '10.1530/EJE-20-0665', 'article-title': 'MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Vitamin D and COVID-19', 'volume': '183', 'author': 'Bilezikian', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Eur J Endocrinol'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0038', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105751', 'article-title': 'Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best ' 'available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among ' 'patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study', 'volume': '203', 'author': 'Entrenas Castillo', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0039', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1053', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.26848', 'article-title': 'Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D3 on Hospital Length of Stay ' 'in Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical ' 'Trial', 'volume': '325', 'author': 'Murai', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0040', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.bone.2021.116175', 'article-title': 'A randomized pilot study using calcitriol in hospitalized COVID-19 ' 'patients', 'volume': '154', 'author': 'Elamir', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Bone'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0041', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1261', 'DOI': '10.3390/nu13041261', 'article-title': 'Does Evidence Exist to Blunt Inflammatory Response by Nutraceutical ' 'Supplementation during COVID-19 Pandemic? An Overview of Systematic ' 'Reviews of Vitamin D, Vitamin C, Melatonin, and Zinc', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Corrao', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Nutrients'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': '10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009_bib0042', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '143', 'DOI': '10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02202.x', 'article-title': 'Critical care in low-income countries', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Baker', 'year': '2009', 'journal-title': 'Trop Med Int Health TM IH'}], 'container-title': 'EXPLORE', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1550830723001295?httpAccept=text/xml', 'content-type': 'text/xml', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1550830723001295?httpAccept=text/plain', 'content-type': 'text/plain', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 6, 21]], 'date-time': '2023-06-21T01:04:42Z', 'timestamp': 1687309482000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1550830723001295'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6]]}, 'references-count': 42, 'alternative-id': ['S1550830723001295'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['1550-8307'], 'subject': ['Complementary and alternative medicine', 'Chiropractics', 'General Nursing', 'Analysis'], 'container-title-short': 'EXPLORE', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2023, 6]]}, 'assertion': [ {'value': 'Elsevier', 'name': 'publisher', 'label': 'This article is maintained by'}, { 'value': 'Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and ' 'Covid-like illness: a prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.', 'name': 'articletitle', 'label': 'Article Title'}, {'value': 'EXPLORE', 'name': 'journaltitle', 'label': 'Journal Title'}, { 'value': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2023.06.009', 'name': 'articlelink', 'label': 'CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version'}, {'value': 'article', 'name': 'content_type', 'label': 'Content Type'}, { 'value': '© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.', 'name': 'copyright', 'label': 'Copyright'}]}
Loading..
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit