Reduction in SARS-CoV-2 Oral Viral Load with Prophylactic Mouth Rinse

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2024, 5, 1]], 'date-time': '2024-05-01T14:32:42Z', 'timestamp': 1714573962284}, 'reference-count': 27, 'publisher': 'Georg Thieme Verlag KG', 'issue': '02', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 7, 21]], 'date-time': '2022-07-21T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1658361600000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 81, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>\n' ' Objectives\u2003The medical and health facilities are at high risk of severe acute ' 'respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study tested the ' 'preprocedural prophylactic mouthwash rinses to reduce the oral viral load. The findings from ' 'this study will help the practitioners to select the best mouthwash for the patients to ' 'mitigate the risk of transmission during aerosolizing. This study aimed to evaluate the ' 'effectiveness of four commonly used types of mouthwash in reducing intraoral viral load among ' 'hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients.</jats:p><jats:p>\n' ' Materials and Methods\u2003This prospective cohort study was conducted with 116 ' 'patients referred to the Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, Hamadan University of Medical ' 'Sciences of Hamadan City, and Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Patients were ' 'randomized into four groups with each group rinsed their mouth with 20\u2009mL of 2% ' 'povidone-iodine, 1% hydrogen peroxide, normal saline as a control study group, or 0.12% ' 'chlorhexidine, respectively, for 20\u2009seconds. The standard reverse transcription ' 'polymerase chain reaction method evaluated the virus load before and at 1\u2009hour, 2\u2009' 'hours, and 4\u2009hours after using the mentioned mouthwash.</jats:p><jats:p>\n' ' Results\u2003Our results revealed that chlorhexidine and H2O2 showed the highest ' 'efficiency in reducing SARS-Co-2 load in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal region of ' 'patients; they increased the Ct values by 9 to 10 (before: 25.84 vs. after 32. 4, p\u2009' '&lt;\u20090.455) (17.333 vs. after 26.497, p &lt;0.097).</jats:p><jats:p>\n' ' Conclusion\u2003Our findings suggest that chlorhexidine and H2O2 could be used in ' 'dental clinics to reduce the risk of transmitting the SARS-CoV-2 virus from infected ' 'individuals to dentists before dental procedures.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1055/s-0042-1747958', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2022, 7, 21]], 'date-time': '2022-07-21T22:52:32Z', 'timestamp': 1658443952000}, 'page': '094-101', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 2, 'title': 'Reduction in SARS-CoV-2 Oral Viral Load with Prophylactic Mouth Rinse', 'prefix': '10.1055', 'volume': '11', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Shohreh', 'family': 'Ghasemi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Dental College ' 'of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA'}]}, { 'given': 'Seyed Alireza', 'family': 'Nadji', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of ' 'Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of ' 'Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Ali', 'family': 'Heidari', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Jeffrey N.', 'family': 'James', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Dental College ' 'of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA'}]}, { 'given': 'Mahboobeh', 'family': 'Karimi-Galougahi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of ' 'Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of ' 'Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Negar', 'family': 'Raygani', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Otolaryngology, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Salman', 'family': 'Khazaei', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of ' 'Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Freshteh', 'family': 'Mehri', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Ali', 'family': 'Poormohammadi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Saeid', 'family': 'Bashirian', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Maryam', 'family': 'Mehrpooya', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Amirfarhang', 'family': 'Miresmaeili', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Farid Azizi', 'family': 'Jalilian', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Samaneh', 'family': 'Shirahmadi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Fariba', 'family': 'Keramat', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Alireza', 'family': 'Soltanian', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan ' 'University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Nastaran', 'family': 'Ansari', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of ' 'Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Farhad', 'family': 'Zeynalzadeh', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'PostDoc Position at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ' 'Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, ' 'Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Amirali', 'family': 'Ebrahimi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of ' 'Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of ' 'Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Amirreza', 'family': 'Dashti', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Nutrition Health Research Center, Health Sciences & Technology ' 'Research Institute, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, ' 'Hamadan, Iran'}]}, { 'given': 'Ryan F.', 'family': 'Bloomquist', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Restorative Sciences, The Dental College of ' 'Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA'}]}, { 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