Our experience of using Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: an observational study from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Kayembe et al., Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews, doi:10.31579/2692-9406/065, May 2021

HCQ for COVID-19

1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020, now with p < 0.0000000001 from 425 studies, used in 59 countries.

No treatment is 100% effective.
Protocols combine treatments.

Retrospective 1,235 COVID-19 patients in the DRC, showing lower risk with combined HCQ+AZ treatment. After propensity score matching, treated patients showed significantly better clinical outcomes at day 10 and significantly lower mortality.
risk of death, 47.4% lower, HR 0.53, p = 0.03, treatment 1,100, control 135, inverted to make HR<1 favor treatment, 988 included for analysis, Cox proportional hazards, day 15.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Kayembe et al., 7 May 2021, retrospective, Democratic Republic of Congo, peer-reviewed, 9 authors, study period 10 March, 2020 - 31 August, 2020, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with azithromycin) - results of individual treatments may vary.
Abstract: AUCTORES Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews. Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews Copy rights@ Jean-Marie N. Kayembe et.al. . Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews. Jean-Marie N. Kayembe * Research Article Open Access Our experience of using Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: an observational study from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo Jean-Marie N. Kayembe 1,2 *, Daniel Ishoso 2 , Christian Mbongopasi 2 , Don Jethro Mavungu 2 , Jean René Makulo, Stéphane Mukendi 2 , Nsengi Ntamabyaliro 1 , R. Junior Matangila 1 , Jean-Jacques Muyembe 1,2 1 Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa,D R Congo. 2 Secrétariat Technique COVID-19, INRB, Kinshasa, D R Congo. *Corresponding Author: Jean-Marie N. Kayembe, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Secrétariat Technique COVID-19, INRB, Kinshasa, D R Congo. Received date: April 22, 2021; Accepted date: May 04, 2021; Published date: May 07, 2021 Citation: Kayembe JMN, D Ishoso, C Mbongopasi, Don J Mavungu, Jean R Makulo. (2021) Our experience of using Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: an observational study from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews. 4(1); DOI: 10.31579/2692-9406/065 Copyright: © 2021 Jean-Marie N. Kayembe, This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Background : Up to now COVID-19 treatment is a matter of great debate. Several trials and observational studies have brought conflicting results regarding the efficacy of some repurposed drugs suggested treating COVID-19, stressing the need for further research. Objective: This study aimed to add to the existing literature, some evidence on the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin (AZ) as suggested drugs for COVID-19 treatment. Materials and Methods: This observational study reports the experience of conventional treatment (CT) combining HCQ plus AZ applied in the Democratic Republic of Congo. We compared epidemiological and clinical data between 1,100 (89%) subjects submitted to the CT and 135 (11%) who did not receive the CT. Survival analyses including KaplanMeier and Cox regression were used to determine the clinical progress at day 10 and the survival likelihood at day 15, from the treatment initiation date. Results: Clinical outcome is much better in the CT group on D10 than in the comparison group (p=0.001). The adverse effects reported are minor and equivalent in both groups (3% vs 3%). Conclusion: This preliminary observational study suggests a beneficial and safe effect of conventional treatment in our country and justifies the continuation of this therapeutic protocol at this time. However, larger analytical studies with more robust evaluation criteria are needed to strengthen the power of observations. Keywords: hydroxychloroquine; azithromycin; conventional treatment; COVID-19; Kinshasa; Democratic Republic of Congo
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Late treatment
is less effective
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